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(). , , .

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a11 x1 + a12 x2 + ... + a1n xn = a1,n+1  
a21 x1 + a22 x2 + ... + a2n xn = a2,n+1 (4.1)
.... . .... . ... . .... . ....  
an1 x1 + an2 x2 + ... + ann xn = an,n+1  

aij - (i=1,...,n, j=1,...,n+1);

xi - () ;

n - .

(4.1) n n+1:

a11 a12 ... a1n a1,n+1
a21 a22 ... a2n a2,n+1
. . . . .
an1 an2 ... ann an,n+1

n , (4.1).

- xi, (4.1) .

xi (4.1) xi= D i /D, D - , D i - , i- .

2-, 3- , , , , .

4.2.

. , , , . ; .

3-

a 11 x 1 + a 12 x 2 + a 13 x 3 = a 14  
a 21 x 1 + a 22 x 2 + a 23 x 3 = a 24 (4.1)
a 31 x 1 + a 32 x 2 + a 33 x 3 = a 34 .

(4.1) x 1:

x 1 = (a 14 - a 12 x 2 - a 13 x 3) / a 11 , (4.2)

:

x 1 + x 2 + x 3 = , (4.3)

= a 1j / a 11, j = 2,3,4. (4.4)

(4.2) (4.4) (4.1) :

  x 1   + x 2 + x 3 =  
    x 2 + x 3 = (4.5)
    x 2 + x 3 = ,

= a ij - a i1 . , i=2,3; j = 2,3,4,

.. x 1.

(4.5) x 2 :

x 2 = ( - x 3) / , (4.6)

:

x 2 + x 3 = , (4.7)

= / , j = 3,4. (4.8)

(4.6) (4.8) (4.5) :

  x 1   + x 2   + x 3   =  
      x 2   + x 3   = (4.9)
        x 3   = ,

= - . , j = 3,4,

.. x 2.

(4.9) x 3: x 3 = / ,

x 3 = .

:

  x 1   + x 2   + x 3   =  
      x 2   + x 3   = (4.10)
          x 3   = .

. :

   
    (4.11)
      .

. , .

. (4.10) x 3

. (4.12)

(4.10), :

. (4.13)

x 2, x 3 (4.10), x 1:

. (4.14)

(4.12), (4.13), (4.14) (4.1).

n- . k- (k=1,2,3,...,n) :

 

, j = 1,2,...,n+1, (4.15)
, i = k+1,...,n; j = 1,2,...,n+1. (4.16)

 

, .. k=n, (4.15), (4.16) i.

(4.15) a kk. , . , k- n- , a kk . , , , a kk , k- . . - , , D . , , .. , .





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