:
- ;
- ();
- () ;
- ;
- ;
- .
.
I.
: Y = f (X 1, X 2, Xk). , , , Xk +1, Xk +2, Xm.
X 1, X 2, Xk, , Xk +1, Xk +2, Xm, Y
(2.1)
X 1, X 2, Xm , , Y .
II. ()
n i X i, i = 1m. ,
(2.2)
:
(2.3)
:
- , ;
- , , ;
- , - ;
- , () ;
- ;
- , ;
- , .
. b i i - .
(2.4)
. , Xi, .
|
|
(2.5)
Up , k . , , , X i. , 2.2 [2.1].
2.2
, U (x i) | k | |
| 0,99 1,0 | 1,71 - 1,73 |
0,95 | 1,65 | |
| 1,0 ( ) | 3 |
0,997 | 3 | |
0,99 | 2,6 | |
0,95 | 2 | |
2 |
, .2.2, . (2.4). . , P =0,95 b =1, k =0,95. = 1,65.
, P =0,99, k = 0,9995 = 1,71. , =1,73 , , = 1 k =1,73.
, () θ() Up, m >4, . k 1,1 =0,95; 1,4 =0,99 [2.1].
. r (xi, xq) , w = 1, 2,, n ij; n ij
(2.6)
.
III. ()
y X 1, X 2, Xm, (2.1), , , .
, .
,
(2.7)
(2.8)
- ; - i - , ; - xi.
|
|
IV.
.
V.
u(y) k:
U (y) = k . u (y) (2.9)
[2.1] ( ) =0,95. -
(2.10)
=0,95
, (2.11)
2.3
( )
3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 16 | 20 | 30 | ||
tP=0,95 | 3,182 | 2,776 | 2,571 | 2,447 | 2,365 | 2,306 | 2,262 | 2,228 | 2,120 | 2,086 | 2,042 | 1,960 |
tP=0,99 | 5,841 | 4,604 | 4,032 | 3,707 | 3,499 | 3,355 | 3,250 | 3,169 | 2,921 | 2,845 | 2,750 | 2,576 |
(2.7)
, (2.12)
(2.10)
, (2.13)
- , n , - , , .
(. 2.10) , . , (2.10), , , (2.10)
, (2.14)
nA , .
VI.
, / , :
- ;
- ;
- ;
- , k.
, :
uc ;
Up ;
k ;
ui ;
- .
, , , : 163,2 . 2,4 2 , (160,8 165,6) , 2. , 0,95.
, 43-2001[2.2] ( 54500-2011 [2.3]), , .
|
|
43-2001
1) , , .
1
1.1
(1-2)
I , V , , R , t C , .
1.2. (n =10) t = (23,000,05).
:
q V = 3× 10-4× V + 0,02 (2-2)
1.3. I =10 t =23,00C R 0 = 0,010 088 . , ,
d q R = 0,070 % (3-2)
R = R 0
q R = 7 × 10-4 × R 0 = 7,1×10-6 (4-2)
1.4. , , ,
R = R 0[1 + a(t t 0)],
R 0 t = t 0 (t 0=23,00C; R 0 = 0,010 088 ); α (a = 6∙10-6 -1). , D t,
θ t , R =α∙D t R (5-2)
D t =0,050 :θt,R = 3,0∙10-9 3,010-5 %.
2
n =10 Vi :
100,68; 100,83; 100,79; 100,64; 100,63; 100,94; 100,60; 100,68; 100,76; 100,65.
(2.2)
(6-2)
3
3.1. (), , (2.3)
(7-2)
. 1) d .
2) .
3.2. (2-2),
= 5,0× 10-2 0,050% (8-2)
3.3. , (3-2) (4-2), ,
(9-2)
3.4. , (5-2)
θ t , R = 3,0∙10-9 dθt,R = 3,010-5 % (10-2)
.
4
, , , :
|
|
(11-2)
. , - , - .
. , .. < 0,8, (11-2) , > 8,0, - ,
k =1,1 =0,95 k =1,4 =0,99 m >4.
, (11-2).
4.1. q V q R . S q
(12-2)
d S q=0,050%
,
4.2. q () =0,95
(13-2)
dq0,95=0,095%
4.3. S
(14-2)
4.4.
- (15-2)
4.5. 0,95 , (11-2),
D0,95= 0,012 dD0,95= 0,12% (16-2)
5
5.1. , , . (7-2)
(17-2)
, , ,
(18-2)
5.2. , , . .
, , (2-2). uB , V
(19-2)
, , 7×10-4× R. R = R 0
(20-2)
, ,
(21-2)
.
uB, ,
(22-2)
5.3. uC
(23-2)
5.4. (10)
(24-2)
5.5. k 4
(25-2)
5.6. U 0,95
(26-2)
6
, =0,95 , .. 0,95. 0,012 .
, , . , , [2.1, 2.2].
, , , , . . - , . , , .
|
|
, . , uC, , . 2 3, 0,95 0,99.
.
, 2.
2.1. .. . . .-.: , 2008.
2.2 43-2001 , , , , , - , 2002
2.3 54500.1-2011/ / 98-1: 2009 . 1. . .: , 2012. 17 .