{Passive Voice) , . to be .
| Present | Past | Future | Future in the Past | |
| Indefinite | am (is / are) asked | was (were) asked | will be asked | would be asked |
| Continuous | am (is / are) being asked | was (were) being asked | ||
| Perfect | have (has) been asked | had been asked | will have been asked | would have been asked |
| Perfect Continuous |
(, - , ), . ( , - to have, to lack, to resemble ..) , {to look at, to look through, to laugh at, to send for, to speak to, to call upon, to deal with, to enter into, to refer to, to report on, to dictate to ..), .
, , , .
These ideas were uttered by the Chairman. - .
- . .
to allow, to permit, to ask, to award, to deny, to give, to forgive, to grant, to invite, to offer, to order, to command, to pay, to promise, to refuse, to show, to tell, to teach ,
was given a medal. - .
- .
1. - , by, . .
They were told to come. - .
Congress was told that there is going to be no reduction in the size of the USA Army. - , .
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2. - , by. by , .
They were told by the secretary to come in time. - .
, , - - . , , (to follow, to influence, to answer, to join, to affect), - -- . .
This article was referred to twice.- . The public figures were followed by a great crowd. - .
it - - : it is said, it is thought, it is believed, it is reported ..
It is widely believed that there is no other way for the country but to initiate democratic reforms. - , - .
: to make use of, to pay attention to, to take
notice of- .
Close attention is being paid to the pending negociations. - . , , , .
Peacemongers have been called for by their leaders to support the peacemarch. - .
, , , .
UNIT 6.
Human Rights
1. .
The concept of human rights has existed under several names in European thought for many centuries, at least since the time of King John of England. After the king violated a number of ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta, which enumerated a number of what later came to be thought of as human rights. Among them were the right of the church to be free from governmental interference, the rights of all free citizens to own and inherit property and be free from excessive taxes. Magna Carta established principles of due process and equality before the law and it also contained provisions forbidding bribery and official misconduct. The political and religious traditions in other parts of the world also proclaimed what have come to be called human rights, calling on rulers to rule justly and compassionately, and delineating limits on their power over the lives, property, and activities of their citizens. In the United States, a bloody war over slavery came close to destroying a country founded only eighty years earlier on the premise that, "all men are created equal."
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The women's rights movement succeeded in gaining for many women the right to vote. National liberation movements in many countries succeeded in driving out colonial powers. The modern human rights movement didn't invent any new principles. It was different from what preceded it primarily in its explicit rejection of political ideology and partisanship, and its demand that governments everywhere, regardless of ideology, adhere to certain basic principles of human rights in their treatment of their citizens. This appealed to a large group of people, many of whom were politically
| inactive, not interested in joining a political movement, not ideologically motivated. They were simply outraged that any government dared abuse, imprison, torture, and often kill human beings whose only crime was in believing differently from their government and saying so in public. They took to writing letters to governments and publicising the plights of these people in hopes of persuading or embarrassing abusive governments into better behaviour. 2. . 1 -. . 3. . . |
| 4. . , 3 . ? |
