. . ' . , , ( ), , , , , , . 㳿 . , - . , . , . , . ' .
. , ' , - .
, (1.1)
- ;
- ( - );
- , ( , ).
.
. (1.2)
. , , .
.
1.1. , 10% , 1000 .
' 1.3.
1.3 -
, . | , . | ||
- | 1,10 = 1 | 1000×1,10 = 1000 | |
1- | 1,11 = 1,1 | 1000×1,11 = 1100 | |
2- | 1,12 = 1,21 | 1000×1,12 = 1210 | |
3- | 1,13 = 1,33 | 1000×1,13 = 1330 | |
4- | 1,14 = 1,46 | 1000×1,14 = 1460 | |
5- | 1,15 = 1,61 | 1000×1,15 = 1610 |
|
|
, 1000 . 1610 . 5 .
1.2. , 10% , 1000 .
' 1.4.
1.4 -
, | , . | , . | |
1,10 = 1 | 1000/1 = 1000 | ||
1,11 = 1,1 | 1000/1,1 = 909,1 | ||
1,12 = 1,21 | 1000/1,21 = 826,4 | ||
1,13 = 1,33 | 1000/1,33 = 751,9 | ||
1,14 = 1,46 | 1000/1,46 = 684,9 | ||
1,15 = 1,61 | 1000/1,61 = 621,1 |
, 1000 ., 5 621,1 . (. 1.4).
, . , .
, . () , , , (, , , , ).
̳ . :
- (Present Value) - PV;
- (Net Present Value) - NPV;
- (Profitability Index) - PI;
- (Internal Rate of Return) - IRR;
- (Modified Internal Rate of Return) - MIRR;
- (Payback Period) - PP;
- (Discounted Payback Period) - DPP;
- (Accounting Rate of Return) - ARR.
, . , , Net Present Value , , , . ; .
|
|
(PV)
, (1.3)
- t.
(NPV) ( ) ,
, (1.4)
- (), t.
NPV (NPV>0), . NPV, . NPV<0, .
NPV . NPV IC . NPV
. (1.5)
1.3. Y , . ³ . 10% (r = 0,1). NPV .
' Y . 1.5 1.6.
1.5 -
г , t | , ICt, .. | , Pt, .. | Pt - ICt, .. | |
1- | -10 | -9,09 | ||
2- | -20 | -16,53 | ||
3- | -10 | -7,51 | ||
4- | 40,98 | |||
5- | 37,26 | |||
6- | 28,22 | |||
73,33 |
1.6- Y
г , t | , ICt, .. | , Pt, .. | Pt - ICt, .. | |
1- | -40 | -36,36 | ||
2- | -20 | -16,53 | ||
3- | 30,05 | |||
4- | 34,15 | |||
5- | 31,05 | |||
6- | 28,22 | |||
70,58 |
, 1.5 1.6 , , NPV = 73,33 .., Y (NPV = 70,58 ..). ,
..,
Y -
..,
.
1.4. 1.3 Y NPV.
Y
..;
..
NPV= 168,82 - 95,49 = 73,33 .., Y NPV= 173,21 - 102,64 = 70,57 .. , , Y.
() PI ,
. (1.6)
' NPV. NPV > 0, PI > 1. , NPV < 0, PI < 1. ֳ , NPV , PI , .