. 5.1, . G = 8104. [ ] = 60 . [ ] = 0,25 /.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) d ;
4) .
:
= 2×; = 20 ;
.
1. m 0:
, + m 0 2 m = 0,
m 0 = 4 m = 4 2 = 8,0 ×.
2. .
I = m = 2 ×;
II = m m = 2 m = 4 ×;
III = m m + 4 m = 2 m = 4 ×.
. 5.1
(. 5.1, ).
3. d .
:
. (5.1)
:
. (5.2)
(5.1) , :
. (5.3)
(5.2) :
(5.4)
: = 2 ×. , (5.3) :
3.
(5.4) :
d = 1,721 =5,54 c.
d = 5,6 = 56 .
: = 4,0 ×.
,
.
d = 1,721 .
d = 7,0 = 70 .
: = 4,0 ×. , , , d = 70.
4. , :
.
q :
: = 2,0 ×; d = 56 . ,
;
1 = 57,3,
=1,48 / < [ ] = 1,5 /,
.
= 4,0 ×, d = 70 . ,
.
III: = 4,0 ×; d = 70 . , q = 1,21 /. (. 5.1, ). .
ϳ ( ) . , .
, , . , , . .
|
|
, , . : .
, -. , . , .
. .
1. ? ?
2. . .
3. ? ?
4. ? , .
5. ? ?
6. ?
7. ?
8. ?
(. 6.1) :
1. Q, N.
2. ϳ .
3. .
:
P = 20 ; q =8 /; q = 6 /; q = 5 /; α = 250; a = 1,5 , b = 4 ; .
. 6.1
. 6.2 |
. , 䳺 , , 䳺
) (. 6.2)
;
;
. 6.3 |
, :
.
4,41 (. 6.3).
. 6.4 |
/.
) ³ (. 6.4).
,
.
. 6.5 |
/;
/.
(. 6.6, ) (. 6.6, ).
|
|
. (. 6.6, ).
1. ;
RB = 11,6 .
2. ;
RA = 48,32 .
3. ().
. Q (. 6.6, , ).
. ;
. 6.6
.
1 = 0
1 = 1,65
.
1 = 0 .
1 = 1,65 ;
. 1,65 6,06 ;
.
2 = 1,65 18,32 ;
2 = 6,06 -3,35 .
2 , max.
, 2 = 5,36 .
2 = 1,65 31,23 ×.
2 = 6,06 6,8 ..
2 = 5,36 6 ×.
. ( ) ;
.
3 = 0 0 ;
x 3 = 1,65 8,25 .
.
3 = 0 ͷ.
3 = 1,65 ͷ.
IV. N (. 6.6, ).
HA.
. 0 1,65 ;
1 = 0 8,46 .
1 = 1,65 .
. 1,65 6,06 ;
.
2 = 1,65 10,14 ;
2 = 6,06 0.
.
.
V. ϳ .
N, , = 1,65 , max = 31,23 ͷ N = 14,03 ͷ;
. (6.1)
(6.1) Wy i F. σ , , (6.1) .
3 = 195 c3.
, Wy.
22 ( 8239-89), Wy = 232 c3,
F = 30,6 c2.
, (6.1).
= 138,5 .
.
22 :
S 0 = 131 c3; Jy = 2550 c4; b 0 = 0,54 c.
.
, .