10.1.
: . . , . , . - , . , , , . , , , . , . 10.1. t, i. , , i, , , m: Im, Um, Em.
. , . , . to i =0 (. 10.1). , 1 t1, t1 . , , . .
, , , :
(10.1)
(). 1 , 1 . () (): 1 = 103 , 1 = 106 . 50 , , 60 . . , . . , . , .
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10.2.
1. .
. 10.2, . I 2. 3 4 r1. , , . . (. 10.2, ). , . . . 0102 (. 10.2, ) . 0102 .
. (10.2)
2. , . (. 10.2, ) v l . , .
⠠ . . 2Bmlv = 90.
. (10.3)
, , , .
,
r .
I.
. (10.4)
i r1, : . Ir1 = U , .
3. . . 2 ( 10.3). ω=𝜶/ t =2𝛑/=2𝛑/T,
.(10.5)
:
(10.6)
. (10.7)
4. . ( = 1) . ( = 2), (. 10.4). , , , (). 𝜶 ,
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(10.8)
(/). f = 50 ω = 314 /. ( ) ( = 1) : f = n /60, . , ,
. (10.9)
f =50 3000 /,
1500 /, 1000 /. , .
10.3.
. I. . , , , , . . 10.5 i= Imsinω t I ( ), r . , i dt,d Q = i2rdt, , 堠 ,
(10.10)
r I, :
. (10.11)
(10.10) (10.11) I,
= =
,
(10.12)
, √2 . : . ( , ). , 10 , 220 , , .
2. . , .. : I , U , . . , , . ,
Uep= 0,637Um E = 0,637Em. . , . , , , .
3. . ( ) = k = I / I , ka Im/E k = = I / I = 0,707 I m/(0, 637 Im) =1,11, aka= Im / I = Im /(0,707 I m) = 1,41. , , , / k >1,11 ka>1,41.
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10.4. .
1. . 10.2 :i= lmsin α=lmsinω t, I ; ω . ω t , t. cot I. iI m = 10 . ω t: 0, 30, 60, 90 . . ω t = 0 i = 10 sin0, ω t = 30 i= 10 sin30 = 5 .
ωt. , . 10.1, (. 10.8). , i 0, 5 I 30; 0,86 Im 60; Im 90.
1. . . 10.8 (). , (, , ) , . , i= lmsin(ω t +Ψ). ω t +Ψ, , . Ψ . t= 0, i= ImsinΨ. , , ( ) ( t = 0). Ψ ω t . Ψ>0 , Ψ<0 .
. 10.8 |
1. .
. 10.9 Ψ1 Ψ2: , . .
i . , , : . , , , , , . . 10.9 i φ. , . φ=0 . φ=𝛑 .
10.5.
, , , . (. 10.10). Ψ Im, I. Im ω=2𝛑 f, . , t
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ωt. . , , I .
, , . , , ω. . , , , , . . , , √2 .