() :
(2.1)
(2.1) , .
(2.1)
(2.2)
x1, x 2, , xn, x, , . .
z(x). z(x), . , z(x) , 0, .. z (x 0) ≥ z (x), - (2.1).
, .
:
a) (2.3)
b)
c)
, . j, , .
1
2 n 1 <n, ,
2.1
x 1 +x 2 =max, -x 1 +x 2 ≤ -1, 2x 1 +x 2 =2, x 1 ≥ 0, x 2 - .
3≥0: - x 1 +x 2 +3=-1. x 2 , 2 :
. , .
, . , .
1 .
: , :
,
, .
.
.
, .
(2.3) , G ( ) . G , , , . , G , .. .
|
|
G , z (x). , G ( ), . G, G. G , .. , G .
2 z(x)=c Tx G. z(x) , , .
: G ( ) (1), , (k), . , 0, .. z(x 0)>z (x), Î G.
, 0 G. , :
z(x0), z:
. , x0 G.
, (1), , (m), z(x) :
z (x (1))==z (x (m))=z 0 º z (x 0). z (x) .
. x , (2.3), , , , , .
(2.3) (m× n). , r=m, .. m .
. m A ( , ) B x.
.
3 T=(1, 2, , n) G , .
.
1 G.
2 G.
3 m n - .
4 ().
.
-
- , ( ).
, . , - () . , , (). , m . - ( ), ( ).
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|
1.1.
(1.1), (1.2) :
- (), .
2.1.
2.1
z | x1 | x2 | s1 | s2 | s3 | s4 | |||
z | 1 | -5 | -4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | z- |
s1 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | s1- |
s2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | s 2 - |
s3 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | s3 - |
s4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | s4 - |
; . z z-5x1-4 x 2 =0.
, : . .
? , , 1 2 , z=5x1+4 x 2 5 4. 1 , 2, 1 ( ). 2.1, , z-.
1 . 1.1 , , (1=0, 2=0), , 1 ( ), 4, (1=4, 2=0). , .
( ) 1 , 2.2.
2.2
1 | |||
s1 | 6 | 24 | 24/6=4 () |
s2 | 1 | 6 | 6/1=6 |
s3 | -1 | 1 | 1/(-1) = -1 ( ) |
s4 | 0 | 2 | 2/0 = ∞ ( ) |
( 1), 1. , , , . , , , .
1 , 1 = 4. 1 = 4 20 (=5 × 4).
, 1. ( 4). () s1, , . , s1 , 1 , 4. s1 1
|
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( -). , , , . , .
1 s1 2.1 . 6.
.
1 .
= / .
2 , z-.
= - * .
(s1 - ) (=6). .
a) z - .
z-: | (1 | -5 | -4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0│ | 0) |
-(-5)* : | (0 | 5 | 10/3 | 5/6 | 0 | 0 | 0│ | 20) |
= z- : | (1 | 0 | -2/3 | 5/6 | 0 | 0 | 0│ | 20) |
b) s2 - .
s2 -: | (0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0│ | 6) |
- (1)* : | (0 | -1 | -2/3 | -1/6 | 0 | 0 | 0│ | -4) |
= s2 - : | (0 | 0 | 4/3 | -1/6 | 1 | 0 | 0│ | 2) |
c) s3 - .
s3 -: | (0 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0│ | 1) |
+ (1)* : | (0 | 1 | 2/3 | 1/6 | 0 | 0 | 0│ | 4) |
= s3 - : | (0 | 0 | 5/3 | 1/6 | 0 | 1 | 0│ | 5) |
d) s4 - . s4 - s4 - , .
, , .
2.3
z | x1 | x2 | s1 | s2 | s3 | s4 | |||
z | 1 | 0 | -2/3 | 5/6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2/3 | 1/6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | |
s2 | 0 | 0 | 4/3 | -1/6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
s3 | 0 | 0 | 5/3 | 1/6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | |
s4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
, 2.3 , 2.1: 2 s1 , () z (=20). -.
, , z - 2 . 2 ( ) . , 2 .
. , , , 2 .
2.4
x2 | |||
x1 | 2/3 | 4 | 4/(2/3)=6 |
s2 | 4/3 | 2 | 2/(4/3)=3/2 |
s3 | 5/3 | 5 | 5/(5/3) = 3 |
s4 | 1 | 2 | 2/1 = 2 |
s2 -, - , 2. 4/3. 2.3 .
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(s2 - ) (4/3) 2 , z - . 2.5.
2.5
z | x1 | x2 | s1 | s2 | s3 | s4 | |||
z | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3/4 | 1/2 | 0 | 0 | 21 | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1/4 | -1/2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | -1/8 | 3/4 | 0 | 0 | 3/2 | |
s3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/8 | -5/4 | 1 | 0 | 5/2 | |
s4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1/8 | -3/4 | 0 | 1 | 1/2 |
z - , s1 s 2, .
z =21.
C - 2.5 , :
1 .
2 .
3 , .
.
, , -.
() , () z -. z - , . , z - ().
, , . , .
, -
0 .
1 . , .
2 .
3 - . 1.
1 ?
2 ?
3 , -.
4 ?
5 - ?