.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





() :

(2.1)

(2.1) , .

(2.1)

(2.2)

x1, x 2, , xn, x, , . .

z(x). z(x), . , z(x) , 0, .. z (x 0) ≥ z (x), - (2.1).

, .

:

a) (2.3)

b)

c)

, . j, , .

1

2 n 1 <n, ,

2.1

x 1 +x 2 =max, -x 1 +x 2 ≤ -1, 2x 1 +x 2 =2, x 1 ≥ 0, x 2 - .

3≥0: - x 1 +x 2 +3=-1. x 2 , 2 :

. , .

, . , .

1 .

: , :

,
, .

.

.

, .

(2.3) , G ( ) . G , , , . , G , .. .

G , z (x). , G ( ), . G, G. G , .. , G .

2 z(x)=c Tx G. z(x) , , .

: G ( ) (1), , (k), . , 0, .. z(x 0)>z (x), Î G.

, 0 G. , :

z(x0), z:

. , x0 G.

, (1), , (m), z(x) :
z (x (1))==z (x (m))=z 0 º z (x 0). z (x) .

. x , (2.3), , , , , .

(2.3) (m× n). , r=m, .. m .

. m A ( , ) B x.

.

3 T=(1, 2, , n) G , .

.

1 G.

2 G.

3 m n - .

4 ().

.

 

-

- , ( ).

, . , - () . , , (). , m . - ( ), ( ).

1.1.

(1.1), (1.2) :

- (), .

2.1.

2.1

z x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4  
z 1 -5 -4 0 0 0 0 0 z-
s1 0 6 4 1 0 0 0 24 s1-
s2 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 6 s 2 -
s3 0 -1 1 0 0 1 0 1 s3 -
s4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 s4 -

 

; . z z-5x1-4 x 2 =0.

, : . .

? , , 1 2 , z=5x1+4 x 2 5 4. 1 , 2, 1 ( ). 2.1, , z-.

1 . 1.1 , , (1=0, 2=0), , 1 ( ), 4, (1=4, 2=0). , .

( ) 1 , 2.2.

2.2

1
s1 6 24 24/6=4 ()
s2 1 6 6/1=6
s3 -1 1 1/(-1) = -1 ( )
s4 0 2 2/0 = ∞ ( )

 

( 1), 1. , , , . , , , .

1 , 1 = 4. 1 = 4 20 (=5 × 4).

, 1. ( 4). () s1, , . , s1 , 1 , 4. s1 1

( -). , , , . , .

1 s1 2.1 . 6.

.

1 .
= / .

2 , z-.
= - * .

(s1 - ) (=6). .

a) z - .

z-: (1 -5 -4 0 0 0 0│ 0)
-(-5)* : (0 5 10/3 5/6 0 0 0│ 20)
= z- : (1 0 -2/3 5/6 0 0 0│ 20)

b) s2 - .

s2 -: (0 1 2 0 1 0 0│ 6)
- (1)* : (0 -1 -2/3 -1/6 0 0 0│ -4)
= s2 - : (0 0 4/3 -1/6 1 0 0│ 2)

c) s3 - .

s3 -: (0 -1 1 0 0 1 0│ 1)
+ (1)* : (0 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0│ 4)
= s3 - : (0 0 5/3 1/6 0 1 0│ 5)

d) s4 - . s4 - s4 - , .

, , .

2.3

z x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4  
z 1 0 -2/3 5/6 0 0 0 20  
1 0 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0 4  
s2 0 0 4/3 -1/6 1 0 0 2  
s3 0 0 5/3 1/6 0 1 0 5  
s4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2  

 

, 2.3 , 2.1: 2 s1 , () z (=20). -.

, , z - 2 . 2 ( ) . , 2 .

. , , , 2 .

2.4

x2
x1 2/3 4 4/(2/3)=6
s2 4/3 2 2/(4/3)=3/2
s3 5/3 5 5/(5/3) = 3
s4 1 2 2/1 = 2

 

s2 -, - , 2. 4/3. 2.3 .

(s2 - ) (4/3) 2 , z - . 2.5.

2.5

z x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4  
z 1 0 0 3/4 1/2 0 0 21  
1 0 1 0 1/4 -1/2 0 0 3  
2 0 0 1 -1/8 3/4 0 0 3/2  
s3 0 0 0 3/8 -5/4 1 0 5/2  
s4 0 0 0 1/8 -3/4 0 1 1/2  

 

z - , s1 s 2, .

z =21.

C - 2.5 , :

1 .

2 .

3 , .

.

, , -.

() , () z -. z - , . , z - ().

, , . , .

, -

0 .

1 . , .

2 .

3 - . 1.

 

 

1 ?

2 ?

3 , -.

4 ?

5 - ?

 





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