n. :
) n ;
) n .
n = . , : . , , ( ) ( ).
:
1) ; 2) .
1) ( + ): = : + : .
, n () = , n () = , , . , (: ) , (: ) , (: + : ) . , + ): = : + : .
2) (): = (: ) .
1, 2,..., , , .. n ( 1) = n ( 2) =... = n () = . . . ( 1 2 ) , ( ): . , ( ): = (: ) .
- . 1, 2,..., q, R, 1, 2,..., q , R , 1, 2,..., q. , n () = , n ( 1) =... = n (Aq) = , n (R) = r, n () = n ( 1) + n ( 2) +... + n (Aq) + n (R), .. = q + r, 0 £ r < . , q ( ), R .
1. :
6 4 , . ?
2. - : 15 = 7 2 + 1.