(. 3.12).
.:
1. ʳ .
2. 1,3,4,5,7,8,10 : 2,9 6.
3. , ().
4. (. 3.12, ). -1, 1-2, , 10- . ( ) .
(). LAB.
5. () ( 3,6) , 1, 2, , 10 .
6. . , , 10 20 . .
. 3.12 = 1:10000; = 1:500; / = 20.
7. (. 3.12) ,
= min (4 ¸8) × . (3.28)
. 3.12.
. . 3.12 = 132,5 - 4 × 500 = 130,5 130 .
8. 1 . ֳ
h = 1 × = 1 × 500 = 500 = 5 .
³ 130, 135,..., 150 .
9. ³ , 1, 2,..., , . ¢, 1¢,..., ¢ 璺 .
.
() .
, (, , ..).
, , , (. 3.13).
|
|
, , ..
. 3.13.
, .
1. . (. 3.14,) (. 3.14,) 2¸4 .
S . = 2 × , (3.29)
.
S = S .( 1 + 2).
. 3.14.
) ; )
m n (. 3.14,) , . () ab, cd, ef, , kl.
S = h (ab + cd + + kl) M, (3.30)
h ;
.
, : (. 3.15), , .
, (3.31)
S .
, , () (, ) (. 3.16).
. 3.16.
, (3.33)
, (3.34)
;
; ( 1) ( + 1) .
. (3.35)
3.
, - .
. 3.17. () ()
1, 3 8 (. 3.17, ).
˳ (. 3.18) 1, 2 3.
, (.3.17, ), .
.
. 3.18. ˳
ֳ , .
ֳ
|
|
= S ./( 2 1). (3.36)
..3.1 .
(1), (2),..., (13) .
3.1
³
- | ³, | г ni - nj | ֳ , | S, | ||
- | 3612(1) | 5635(3) | 2255(5) | 2252(7) | 0,0444 | |
5867(2) | 7885(4) | 2250(6) | ||||
4433(8) | 3341(10) | 2251(12) | 2251,5(14) | |||
6684(9) | 5593(11) | 2252(13) | ||||
911,5 | 0,0444 | 40,57 | ||||
S
S = c (n 2 n 1)cep. (3.37)
. :
S = c (n 2 n 1 + q), (3.38)
q .
(3.39)