(7.18)
r , e .
U(r) , (.7.4).
, - .
1. - , ..
(7.19)
n = 1, 2, 3 - .
.7.4 |
2. ( )
L = ħ , (7.20)
Lz = ħ m, (7.21)
l = 0, 1, 2,,(n -1) ; m = 0, 1, 2, , l .
n l n , l m (2l+ 1) .
L, - , - . (.7.5).
m =1 m = 0 m = -1 |
m = 2 m = 1 m = 0 m = -1 m = -2 |
.7.5
, , , , , .
ħ, (7.22)
Lsz = ħ ms, (7.23)
ms = 1/2 .
.
,
pm = gL = mB , (7.24)
pm = - mB m, (7.25)
g = e/2m , mB = ħ/2m .
- ,
pmsz = mB. (7.26)
, .
:
l = 0 Þ s ,
l = 1 Þ p ,
l = 2 Þ d ,
l = 3 Þ f .
l. , - n = 2 l = 1 2 p, n = 3 l = 0 3 s ..
|
|
. , , . , , .
. . c , , , .
(7.27)
R = 1.09 .107 -1 , m - (m = 1, 2, 3), n , (m +1).
n =7 n =6 n =5 n= 4 n =3 n =2 n =1 |
.7.6 |
. ,
Dl = 1, (7.28)
Dm = 0, 1. (7.29)
.