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-

.

, , , , . , . - , . , - . .

, , destructive charms, glorious sight, encouraging smile , . destructive charms destructive - , charms. , glorious sight glorious - . encouraging smile - , , , .

, , . , . . . . , , , bright face, ridiculous excuses, valuable connec138


tions, amiable lady, sweet smile, deep feelings . : - - . , , , , - . , . , , - . , , , , true love, dark forest .

(fixed epithets). . . . . , .1

; .

, . , , , , , :

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore

Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December

And each separate dying ember wrought its gost upon the floor.

1 . . . . . . . -. ., 1940, . 81.


. , . round table, green leaf, large hand, little girl, blue eyes, solid matter . . round, green, large, little, blue, solid . , , -, . , , green green youth , - "green" .

, little house, little (-), -.

- . , . , . , "with fingers weary and worn" (. ). , of-phrases. , an hour of bliss: muscles of iron . .

, .

, . , , ; , , . : A devil of a sea rolls in that bay (G. Byron); a little Flying Dutchman of a cab (J. Galsworthy.); a dog of a fellow (Ch. Dikens); her brute of a brother (J. Galsworthy.)

, , -

140


. .1

. , lightning my pilot sits (P. Shelley); the punctual servant of all work, the sun (Ch. Dickens).

, , , , . , well-matched, fairly-balanced, give-and-take couple.

, . . :

There is a sort of Oh-what-a-wicked-world-this-is-and-how-I-wish-I-could-do-something-to-make-it-better-and-nobler expression about Montmorency that has been known to bring the tears into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen.

( ). " laughed heartily" heartily .

. ,2 - . : a fool that you are; a wicked person that he is.

fool wicked person , , -. , . .

1 , , "Ein Kleines Ding von Mädchen".

2 . ..................................

141


, , , . : . , .

, . , , . . . , .

, sleepless bay . , , , , .

:

1) , - , , . : ridiculous excuse; sleepless bay; dazzling beauty; a butterfly girl.

(. ).

2) , , , , , . : fantastic terrors (. ); dark forest; gloomy twilight; slavish knees (J. Keats); thoughtless boy (J. Keats); midnight dreary (E. P .)

, , , , , . , - , . , .

142


: "Such was the background of the wonderful, cruel, enchanting, bewildering, fatal great city."

XIX "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" :

The horrid crags, by toppling convent crown'd, The cork-trees hoar that clothe the shaggy steep, The mountain-moss by scorching skies imbrown'd, The sunken glen, whose sunless shrubs must weep, The tender azure of the unruffled deep, The orange tints that gild the greenest bough

Orange greenest , . , , .

, , . . . , .1

. . - , . , , .

, . , sweet sorrow, nice rascal, low skyscraper. ,

1 . . . . . . -. ., 1940, . 73.

143


, , .

, , , , , . . , . , , .

- . , . , a pleasantly ugly face; beautiful tyrant; fiend angelical! - . low skyscraper (. Henry). low - , (skyscraper).

- . , , . - , , , awfully nice, terribly glad to see you, awfully, terribly .

, , . . :

I despise its very vastness and power. It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the haughtiest beggars, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers, the dolefulest pleasures of any town I ever saw.

, , , . the

144


, . ., millionaires - . . the littlest great men great men little, . the littlest , great men, , . the plainest beauties the dolefulest pleasures, beauties pleasures plainest dolefulest.

() , - , - , , ; , - , - .

, , - silent thunder, :

I have but one simile, and that's a blunder, For wordless woman, which is silent thunder.

(G. Byron)

, - , .

. . , -

10 323 145


: , , . , , .

-: ": , , . " ".1 , " , , .

. , ,

, .

, . :

She might have been alone with the living corpse in the house and yet she knew, that Kosy and half-dozen servants were in various rooms of it..."

(. e n n e t, Fantasia on Modern Themes.)

By that time the occupant of the monogamistic harem would be in dreamland, the bulbul silenced, and the hour propitious for slumber. (O. Henry, "Dougherty's Eye-opener.")

corpse harem , . , .

1 . . , . , 1953, ". II, . 37.

146


.

.

. , , . .

, . , , . , ; , , ; ; . . , , , , , .1

. "Big Steamers" Oh!

Oh, where are you going to, all you Big Steamers?

oh , , , .

:

"And what" is the opinion of Brooks of Sheffield, in reference to the projected business?"

1 . (" ) . . . >. 1957 . 1.

10* 147


1 . . . . . . 87

148


, : ) ) .

Ah! Oh! Gosh! Bah! Pooh! Hush! Hullo! . Lo! Hark!

. , , , - . : good gracious!; heavens; dear me!; there, there!; Come on!; look here!; hear, hear!; by Lord!; Lord!; God knows!; Away! Away! Bless me; Alas!; Humbug!; .

, nice, beautiful, terrible, wonderful, charming, . . , , , , . , . , - ; .

. , , terrible!, , , . , .

. , , . , , . :

Oh! but he was a tight-fisted hand at the grind-stone, Scrooge! a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner!

(Ch. Dickens.)

149


Oh! ( , , .). . .

, , , , .

, , , , , 90 :

Ah do not, when my heart hath 'scaped this sorrow, Come in the rearward of a conquer'd woe...

ah , .

- "The Razor's Edge", . : , .

"Perhaps he won't. It's a long, arduous road he's starting to travel, but it may be that at the end of it he'll find what he's seeking."

"What's that?

"Hasn't it occurred to you? It seems to me that in what he said to you he indicated it pretty plainly. God."

"God!" she cried. But it was an exclamation of incredulous surprise. Our use of the same word, but in such a different sense, had a comic effect, so that we were obliged to laugh. But Isabel immediately grew serious again and I felt in her whole attitude something like fear." "What on earth makes you think that?"

(S. Maugham. The Razor's Edge.)

, , (an exclamation of incredulous surprise) , . , cried. .

150


, , . , - . , "I've told you fifty times" , . . , , .

When people say, 'I've told you fifty times' They mean to scold and very often do.

(G. Byron)

, , : I beg a thousand pardons; scared to death; tremendously angry; immensely obliged; I'll give the world to see him. . .

, , . - thousand, tremendously . .

:

Those three words (Dombey and Son . .) conveyed the one idea of Mr. Dombey's life. The earth was made for Dombey and Son to trade in, and the sun and moon were made to give them light. Rivers and seas were formed to float their ships; rainbows gave them promise of fair weather; winds blew for or against their enterprises; stars and planets circled in their orbits, to preserve inviolate a system of which they were the centre. Common abbreviations took new meanings in his eyes, and had sole reference to them. A. D. had no concern with Anno Domini, but stood for Anno Dombey and Son.

(Ch. Dickens, Dombey and Son.)

. . , , -

151


, , , 1 , .1

, . . :

, . , , . , .2

, , , . , . , . , , , , .

, , , . : , - - .

, , , , . - , (). , , - , .

1 1, 1953, . 16. 2 . . , , 1905, . 355.

152


4. ,

( ) -

.

, , , - . - , . , - .

, - , , . . , . ( ).

"Then hate me if thou wilt, if ever now" hate : , , . . , .. . , , .1

1 , , , . -

153


, "Oliver Twist" :

"Bow to the board," said Bumble, Oliver brushed away two or three tears that were lingering in his eyes; and seeing no board but the table, fortunately bowed to that.

, . board , board , ( , ). (board). (. . ). , , . The Importance of Being Earnest .

to stand on , , - ( ) - ( ). - , () - .

... and May's mother always stood on her gentility; and Dot's mother never stood on anything, but her active little feet.

(Ch. Dickens)

:

Clara... was not a narrow woman either in mind or body.

(J. Galsworthy. The Freelands.)

-

, , , , .

154


, . . , . :

The close of this creation brought him and the plate to the table.

(Ch. Dickens.)

He had taken three weeks off and a ticket to Mentone.

(J. Galsworthy.)

. .

. . , : "A Christmas Carol":

Mind! I don't mean to say that I know, of my own knowledge, what there is particularly dead about a door-nail. I might have been inclined, myself, to regard a coffin-nail as the deadest piece of ironmongery in the trade. But the wisdom of our ancestors is in the simile; and my unhallowed hands shall not disturb it, or the Country's done for. You will, therefore, permit me to repeat emphatically that Marley was as dead as a door-nail.

dead as a door-nail . , , .

to have no bowels, , . "A Christmas Carol" :

"Scrooge had often heard it said that Marley had no bowels, but he had never believed it until now."

-

155


, , , . .

, , , , , .

"Song of the Shirt"

" men with sisters dear!

men with mothers and wives! It is not linen you're wearing out,

But human creatures' lives!

to wear out (to wear out linen) (to wear out one's life).

, ( , - ) , (, ). :

The heaviest rain, and snow, and hail, and sleet, could boast of the advantage over him in only one respect. They often "came down" handsomely, and Scrooge never did. (Ch. Dickens).

to come down, , , rain, snow, sleet, , come down , Scrooge.

,

156


, . , , :

The principal production of these towns... appear to be soldiers, sailors, Jews, chalk, shrimps, officers and dockyard men.

production chalk shrimps.

, -: , , . , , , , .

. . .

, , , . - .

. . , . , , , . , , , XIX XX .

157


.

, - , , .

, , , - , .1 , . , . (. ) .

, , . , , . .

"Dombey and Son :

I understand you are poor, and wish to earn money by nursing the little boy, my son, who has been so prematurely deprived of what can never be replaced.

what can never be replaced . , , .

:

The Lamp-lighter made his nightly failure in attempting to brighten up the street with gas.



. . . ., . IV, . 279.

158


, , . , , , > , .

. . , , . . .

, , : cap and gown (student), a gentleman of the long robe (lawyer), the fair sex (women), my better half (wife) . , . . - : a pillar of the state (statesman), the ship of the desert (camel) .

, ( ) . , the king , the leader of hosts, the giver of rings, the protector of earls, the victory lord; battle the play of swords; saddle the battle-seat; warrior the shield-bearer . .

, , . - , . , . , -

159


. , , . . - , . , , , .

: , , , , , , - , .

- .

, , , . , XVIII , , .

. ... , , , ? : , . : , : , , .1

1 . . 16 , - , 1937, . 11, . 18 19.

160


. , , , , , .

, , :

And Mr. Snodgrass bore under his arms the instruments of destruction; "many of the hearts that throbbed so gaily then have ceased to beat; many of the looks that shone so brightly then have ceased to glow; the hands we grasped have grown cold; the eyes we sought have hid their lustre in the grave." (Ch. Dickens).

, . .

, "Castle of Indolence" , A little round fat oily man of God (clergyman) , , .

:

A stage where every man must play a part

. - .

. . , -: : , , , , , , , , ; , . , , , , ,

11 323 161


, , : , , , , . , , ; , , .1

, . . , . .

, "Dombey and Son".-

, . . (. , : the instruments of destruction).

, . , . :

Blue roll the waters, blue the sky Spreads like an ocean hung on high Bespangled with those isles of light So wildly, spiritually bright.

(G. r n.)

isles of light isles; "the sky-lamp of the night", "the moon" "lamp". . , . ,

1 . . . . , . . . -, 1948, . II, . 407.

162


"Papa, love. I am a mother, I have a child who will soon call Walter by the name by which I call you." (Ch. Dickens.)

papa "by the name by which I call you."

, , . .

, - . . - . "The Great Midland" :

Stephanie saw the stacks of the steel mills, out of which jets of flame flickered up now and then into the blanket of smoke, which hung over them. Barometer of war, she thought...

barometer of war steel mills - , . , , . :

Of his four sons, only two could be found sufficiently without the e to go on making ploughs. (J. Galsworthy)

, , , , . , () (. reton Morton). sufficiently without the e . , . , , . swallowed

11* 163


a glass of liquor transacted a similar piece of business. , , drink (drank) .

. , , - , - , - . the instruments of destruction; what can never be replaced .

. . , . . ; . , ; . the sky-lamp of the night (moon), . the gentleman of the long robe, , .

, , , - , , . , .

. , . . - . , to glow to

164


sweat; rear lavatory. , . . , .1

, . , . , , , . , : to kick the bucket, to go off the hooks . (. : , ). benders legs, to be wrong in the upper storey to be mad .

, , . , ( ). - , . . . , . , , . . , - . ... they think we have come by this horse in some dishonest manner. (Dickens.) Come by this horse in some dishonest manner "we stole the horse". "The Truth About Pyecraft", getting rid of fat reducing weight.

. . .: , 1937. . 205

165


, , . . , altogether (). , , :

"Of course, there are many very nice models indeed", said the voice of Mrs. Tallents Small peace, "I don't mean that they are necessarily at all if they are girls of strong character, and especially if they don't sit for the the altogether."

, , , . , . , . , , , , . , , . "" .

. , "Tension in Kashmere" , . "Difficulties of the Canadian Farmer" , , , . . difficulties , .

"The Stars Look Down" , , : "Honorable Members of the House understand the meaning of this polite euphemism."

"undernourishment of children". undernourishment , .

. , Lebens Interessen Deutschlands

166


. Anschluß . , , . . , , slump depression : recession, a rolling readjustment, a correction, a slippage, an easing, a downswing, a mild dip, a normal adjustment, a levelling off, a lull, a return to normalcy, an industrial trouble.

"Economics of American Domination" :

Large American military and economic missions are permanently established in this country under the American Embassy, enjoying diplomatic privileges and Status, continuously "advising" Government department on the grounds that they?re supervising the use of American aid.

to advise, , . . to order. , , , (. ). to advise . . . . to advise to order.

, - ( , ), (simile).

. , , - , , : as, such as, as if, like, seem .

-

167


. , , , , , (), . :

The gap caused by the fall of the house had changed the aspect of the street as the loss of a tooth changes that of a face.

, (street face) . , ( ) ; , . .

"...a square forehead as coarse in grain as the bark of an oak" coarse in grain , ; , forehead.

, , (), . :

"Susan Nipper detached the child from her new friend by a wrench as if she were a tooth. "(Ch. Dickens)

( ): detached... by a wrench. , : , . : (by a wrench) ; , .

"Mr. Dombey took it (the hand) as if it were a fish, or seaweed, or some such clammy substance."

(the hand) (fish, seaweed .).

168


, , (clammy).

, . . , , , , .

:

1) My verses flow like streams 2) My verses flow in streams.

verses streams : . verses - , streams : - . flow verses. In streams - to flow.

, , , - .





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