: |
. . -? |
:
) , - , (. )
Cu2+ + e- = Cu+ φ = +0,15 B
I2 + 2e- = 2I- φ = +0,54 B
I2, φ > φ .
I2 , , .. :
CuCl + KCl + I2 <=> KI + CuCl2
:
Cu+1Cl + KCl + I20 = Cu+2Cl2 + KI-1
Cu+1 - e- = Cu+2 2
I + 2e- = 2I-1 1
I20 + 2Cu+1 = 2Cu+2 + 2I
2CuCl + 2KCl + I2 <=> 2KI + 2CuCl2
(9.1)
=1,66·1013. (9.2)
z - ( = 2);
F = 96500 /; ε˚ - ,
ε˚ = φ˚ - φ˚ (9.3)
ε˚ = = 0,54-0,15 = 0,39
: - I2; CuCl, () , =1,66·1013.
)
KI + FeCl3 <=> FeCl2 + KCl + I2
Fe3+ + e- = Fe+2 φ = +0,77 B
I2 - 2e- = 2I- φ = +0,54 B
Fe+3, φ > φ .
Fe+3 , , .. (), :
KI + FeCl3 <=> FeCl2 + KCl + I2
:
KI-1 + Fe+3Cl3 = Fe+2Cl2 + KCl + I20
I-1 - e- = I0 1 2
1 2
Fe+3 + e- = Fe+2 1 2
I-1 + Fe+3 = Fe+2 + I0
, .
2KI + 2FeCl3 <=> 2FeCl2 + 2KCl + I2
(9.1)
=6,3·107. (9.2)
z - ( = 2);
F = 96500 /; ε˚ - ,
ε˚ = φ˚ - φ˚ (9.3)
ε˚ = 0,77-0,54 = 0,23
: FeCl3; KI, , =6,3·107.
.
1. ) 5∙10-4 . .
: : = + |
11.1
|
|
= -1,67.
, :
Al - 3ē = Al3+
n , .
n Al3+(n=3).
Al2(SO4)3:
= ∙α∙
Al2(SO4)3 .
, α = 1. Al2(SO4)3:
Al2(SO4)3 = 2Al3+ + 3SO
Al3+, Al2(SO4)3 2.
, =2
= 5∙10-4∙1∙2 = /.
:
= -1,67 + = -1,73.
: = -1,73.