A
1. :
4HCl() + O2() = 22() + 2l2() (4.1)
: . |
:
:
=
-
=
-
- ,
4HCl() | + 2() | = 22() | + 2l2() | |
, / | 4(-92,3) | 2(-41,84) | ||
, /() | 4(186,8) | 2(188,7) | 2(222,9) |
:
= 2(-241,84) - 4(-92,3) = -114,48
= (2188,7 + 2222,9) - (4186,8 + 205) = -129 /
: = -114,48 , = -129 /
2. (3) (-726,64) /. .
: (CH3()) = =-726,64 / |
(CH3()) -? |
:
() 1 2() 2() .
1 :
1CH3()+3/22()=2()+22() = -726,64 /
, = -726,64
(CH3()) :
= (2()) + (2()) -
- (CH3()) - (2()).
: (CH3()) = (2())+
+ (2()) - (2())
() .
(CH3()) = 1(-393,5) +2(-285,8)-(- 726,64) =
= -238,46 /.
: (CH3()) = -238,46 /.
3. (III), (II), (II) (II). ().
: Cr2O3 + H2 MnO + Al HgO + CO |
-? |
:
-
-
< 0, ,
> 0, .
I
= Σni () - Σ nj
() .
Cr2O3() + 32() = 2Cr() + 32() (4.1)
-1059 0 0 3(-237,3)
/
= 3(-237,3) (-1059) = 374,1
, (4.1) .
3MnO() + 2Al() = Al2O3() + 3Mn() (4.2)
3(-362,85) 0 -1582 0
/
= (-1582) 3(-362,85) = - 493,45
, (4.2) .
|
|
HgO() + CO() = 2() + Hg() (4.3)
-58,4 - 137,1 -394,4 0
/
= (-394,4) [(-58,4) + (-137,1)] = - 194,9
, - (4.3) .
.
B
1. NaOH , 10 NaOH 250 200 29,70. 3,99 /().
: |
(NaOH) -? |
:
:
(NaOH) =
= , (/)
NaOH - NaOH, /,
Qp = m-(-)·(), - NaOH,
m- - , ;
(-) , /(×)
1000 - .
= 29,7-20 = + 9,70. "+" , "-" - .
m- = m + m = 10+250 = 260 .
: Q = (10 + 250)3,999,7 = 10062,8 ,
(NaOH) = ,
: (NaOH) = - 40,24 /.
2. , , , 30 20 90. 75,3 /. 40%.
: = 75,3 / = 40% |
:
, 30 20 90.
.. =
= 18 / ∆t = 90 30 = 60
. I
= Σni () - Σ nj
4() + 2() = 2() + 22()
-74,9 0 -393,5 2(-241,84)
/
= (-393,5) + 2(-241,84) (-74,9) = - 802,28
802,28, , 18750 .
:
3. :
2CO() + 2() = 2CO2() = - 566 (4.10)
2Fe() + O2() = 2FeO() = - 529,6 (4.11)
4FeO() + 2() = 2Fe2O3() =- 585,2 (4.12)