1) - able able , . -.
| remark | remarkable |
| change | changeable |
| apply | applicable |
- able un -. -
| untranslatable | |
| undrinkable (water) | () |
| unthinkable |
2) - ous [ - qs] :
| fame , | famous ['feImqs] , |
| danger | dangerous ['deInGrqs] |
| mountain | mountainous ['mauntInqs] |
| vary | various ['vFqrIqs] |
3) - ful - less full less . , c :- ful , a - less -. :
| use | useful | useless |
| faith | faithful | faithless () |
| law | lawful | lawless |
4. -ry, -i z e (-ise)
- ry [-qrI; -rI] : chemistry , geometry .., , .
| machine | machinery , | |
| peasant | peasantry |
slavery slave .
- ize ( - ise) [-aIz] . -, -.
| organ | to organize |
| industry industrial | to industrialize |
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FOLLOW NORTH STAR
In North America slavery existed in the southern states until 1865, while in the northern states there was no slavery at that time. Negro slaves who lived in the South often wanted to escape to the North. To do so (1), they had to have conductors. These conductors usually were other slaves, who had escaped.
They organized a system called the Underground Railroad. It was not really a railroad, as the slaves had to walk all the way. It was not even a road, but a system under which the Negroes were able to escapeacross the Mason and Dixon line (2) into the free states. There were "stations" on the "underground", often in the homes of white people who were helping the slaves.
In 1850, however, a cruel law was passed (3) under which escaped slaves were to be returned to their former owners.
You will now read an article about one of these courageous conductors. It is a life story of a remarkable woman called Harriet Tubman ['hxriqt 'tAbmqn].
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Harriet Tubman was the most courageous and best conductor on the dangerous Underground Railroad. She never lost a " passenger " As long as the North Star shone, she said, she could lead any party of slaves to the northern states.
The Underground Railroad, as you know, was a wonderfully connected secret road by which slaves escaped to freedom. In many places, good friends, both Negro and white, gave them food and money and helped them on their way.
To be a conductor was the most dangerous job of all, because in leading other slaves to freedom the conductors might lose their own lives (4). Harriet Tubman went back nineteen times and led hundreds of people to freedom.
When Harriet was only five years old, she already had to work hard in the fields under the hot sun of the South, and was beaten cruelly, as all the slaves were.
One night she ran away and slowly made her way up North (5). This is how she felt when she reached the Mason and Dixon line: "When I found I had crossed that line, I looked at my hands to see if I was the same person. There was such a glory over everything. The sun came like gold through the trees, and I felt as if I was in heaven. "
Harriet Tubman decided to help as many of her brothers and sisters to freedom (6) as she could. So she worked hard to earn money and every time she had saved up a little, she went back and brought some more slaves out of the South.
Many times she was in great danger and was nearly caught. Once she came face to face with her former owner. She had "two chickens in her arms. Quickly she dropped the chickens, and as they run about, Harriet bent her head and ran after them, as if she wanted to catch them.
The owner could not see her face and she got away safely.
Such a loved leader was Harriet Tubman that she was called "General Tubman".
Harriet Tubman worked all her life to help win fill freedom for the Negro people. This small, very courageous woman died at 93 (7). Her name is known all over the world as one of the greatest of American women.
From The Worker
(1) t o do so ( )
(2) Mason and Dixon line , , 3043'19" . , 17631767 .
(3) a law was passed (. ). to pass , .
(4) lives . life
(5) made her way up North
(6) to help... to freedom
(7) at 93 93 ( )
already [O:l'redI] adv
article ['Q:tIkl] n ,
beat [bJt] n v (beat; beaten)
bend [bend] n v (bent)
brother ['brADq] n
chicken ['CIkIn] n ,
conduct ['kOndAkt] v
conductor [kqn'dAktq]
courage ['kArIG] n ,
courageous [kq'reIGqs] adj ,
cross [krOs] n v
cruel [kruql] adj ,
danger ['deInGq] n
dangerous ['deInGrqs] adj
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decide [dI'saId] v
decision [dI'sIZ(q) n] n
die [daI] v
earn [q:n] v
exist [Ig'zIst] v
follow ['fOlqu] v ,
food [fu:d] n ,
former ['fO:mq] adj ,
glory ['glO:rI] n
gold [gquld] n
heaven ['hevn] n
job [GOb] n ; ,
lead [lJd] v (led) ,
leader ['lI(:) dq] , ,
lose [lu:z] v (lost) ,
love [lAv] n v
money ['mAnI] n
name [neim] n
Negro ['nI(:) grqu] n ; adj
organize['O:gqnaIz] v
party ['pQ:tI] n , , , ,
passenger ['pxsInGq] n
railroad ['reIlrqud] n
return [rI'tq:n] n v
road [rqud] n
safe [seIf] adj
safely ['seIflI] adv
save [seIv] v , ; save up
secret['sJkrIt] n adj ,
shine [SaIn] n v (shone) ,
sister ['sIstq] n
slave [sleiv] n ,
slavery ['sleivqri] n
star [stQ:] n
story ['stO:rI] n ,
system ['sIstIm] n
until [An'til] prep, , ;
walk [wO:k] v ,
win [win], won [wAn], won v , ,
wonder ['wAndq] n v
wonderfully ['wAndqfuli] adv ,
, Negro, party, secret, system. conductor, conduct , -or. , conductor , : Iron is a good conductor. .
safe .
money, story, brother, sister, cross, to beat , , , , , , beat . cross across , , ( 15), .. -, . , crossword , : cross , word ( , , ).
railroad rail road . 5 railway.
hard , hard , ( 10)
to love to like ( 8), . , , We love our Motherland I like this story .
to save safe , . Dangerous wonderfully danger wonder .
1. , . , :
power, powerful, powerless; name, nameless; star, starry, starless; conquer, conqueror, unconquerable; mistake, unmistakable; help, helpless, helpful; win, winner; bottom, bottomless; air, airless; follow, follower; blood, bloody, bloodless; child, childless; class, classless; friend, friendly, unfriendly, friendless; fruit, fruitful, fruitless; noise, noisy, noiseless; sleep, sleepy, sleepless; land, landless; life, lifeless; gas, gaseous; wind, windy, windless; sun, sunny, sunless; tooth, toothless; smoke, smoker, non-smoker, smokeless; job, jobless; faith, unfaithful; law, unlawful; method, unmethodical; possible, impossible; translate, translator
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2. 5 :
slave-owner, crossroad, book-lover, story-teller, lamp-light, starlight, roadside, money-bag, money-box, safety-lamp, gold-field, goldfish, starfish, a heavenly body, name-day, sunshine
3. , , :
already, bend, job, lead, money, name, saved, rain, until, walk
I cannot buy this book, I have not enough.... What is the... of this gas? Shall we... or go by car? My brother's life was in danger; but the doctors... him. Tomorrow it will... again. They... a busy life. Can you... this piece of iron? My sister likes her...; she is a teacher. He was working... his father told him to stop. The picture has... been bought.
4. 7 nap :
go, return, exist, love, road, be, job, railroad, go back, way, work, like, railway, walk
5. 10 :
cruel, safe, die, follow, freedom, cold, find, best, kind, lead, dangerous, white, rapidly, live, lose, worst, slavery, hot, black, slowly
6. as, as, . 224-228, .
7. . , .
8. :
They will be able to see this star by telescope. They had to remain there until the end of the month. We had to decide. I had to earn more money. My brother was to return the next day. He had to tell us his name. We shall have to walk, as there is no railroad. We shall be able to buy some food at the next station. Will your sister be able to find the road?
I. :
Harriet had to run away from the slave-owner. She was able to lead nineteen parties of slaves across the line. She was to cross the Mason and Dixon line at night. Her former owner was unable to see her. You will be able to read the story of this courageous leader. We ought to know more about her.
II. , . to, .
They must invite our friend. You must save him. She must follow our example. The boy must take this job. You can read this story. We can walk all the way. You can earn enough money. They could follow you. They could get enough food. They could easily return. She cannot tell us.
III. . II .
IV. .
As long as I understand you it does not matter that your English is not perfect. I shall come as soon as I can. They had to walk as far as the bridge. Harriet crossed the Mason and Dixon line as many as 19 times. As the best conductor on the secret Underground Railroad she did much to help her people win freedom. As an escaped slave, she was in great danger. He was very busy all day, as well as half the evening.
V. :
beat, love, bend, walk, cruel, already, gold, shine, win, follow, money, road, die, food, article, danger, exist, return, star, until, former, name, brother, story, Job, decide, earn, sister, railroad, glory, safe, lose, slave, lead, leader, save, wonderful
VI. , :
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, , , , , c, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
10 , 15 . 5, 14 18 . , .
