.


:




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. .

. , , , , , ( , ).

. . , . .

.

.

, () :

qc = - l ( T / n)n=0,

n .

a = ( / n)n=0

. 20

 

. w0, 0.

. , ( ). . ( 1904 . . ).

, , .

w/ ¹ 0; w/ = 0 w = w0

, . w0.

d , e << 1 ( 1%) = d w = (1 - e)w0.

, 2 : . , . , .

:

,

w0 ; u - (2/); l .

, .

.. . , , 0, , . / ¹ 0, / = 0 = 0

, , .

, . . , , .

. 22

. 22 .

.

. , - .

, : . , .

 

. . , .

. w ( ), . w . :

, , , .

. , , . . ¢ :

, , , . , , , . . , .

. . . , , .

- , - . . , , . .

, , , .

, , .

 

, T0 w0 .

, ( , ). ( ). , . g = g, ( ) OZ gy = gz = 0. OZ l0.

:

w u/ + wy u/y = a 2u/y2 ,

( k >> l, , 2u/2 = 0), u = 0.

w w/ + w w/ = n 2w/2 + gbu - ,

.

u = 0; w

 

dw x /dt = w x /t + w w/ + w w/ + wz wz/z

= 0,

() . . .

. : :

,

v¢ v¢ - ; v - .

.

, , .

( , ) , .

, , Y :

S = r 2(dv x /dy)2,

.

.

w/ + w/ = 0

:

1) ( = ¥)

u = u0 = 0; w = w0; w = 0

2) ( = 0, 0 £ £ 0, -¥ £ z £ +¥)

u = u º 0 = const; w = w = wz = 0

3 :

, ;

- u , w, w;

- w0, T0, 0, n, , g, b . .

, u , w, w .

, , . < .

. - , , l0, w0, u.

:

= / 0; Y = / 0; Wx = w/w0;

Wy = w y /w0; Q = u/ u. ()

 
 


0 = ; Y 0 = ; Wxw0 = w;

Wyw0 = w y; Qu = u. ()

(), :

(Wx + Wy ) = Q2/Y2

= w0 0/

w0 0/ = rw0u/lu/ 0 , , , .





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