( , , ).
.
( )
.
3
x=x(f)
y=y(f)
z=z(f)
r=r(f)
(, , , , )
. .
<a>= v/ t
a= lim v/ t ( t . 0)|= v/ t
). .
v/ t
). , . .
v / r
.
=0 .
+
(/2)
17. , , , , . .
.
w=lim f/ t ( t . 0)|= f/ t
.
df
df
df , ( ).
w=1 /
w=2/
-
|
|
v=lim s/ t ( t . 0)=lim R* f/ t ( d . 0)
v=Rw
n=1/T=w/2
w=2*n
.
() .
.
.
.
( ) ( ). .
.
.
( ) ( ) .
10-12
1
1 7
. .
( ) .
).
).
1 1 /2
2 :, , f=ma . p=m v dp/dt=f 3- , f12=-f21 , 2 f12, 1 2 f21 2 1. 3 ,
5 p =mj*vj=const - .. - , : - , - ( ) () Zmi - Rc=rj/m mj, rj- i- n- m*dv/dt=Z F I
|
|
(. , ). , , , .
.
.
r=r0-r
r
s(t)
s
.
r .
<v>= r/ t
<v>=|<v>|= r/ t = | r/ t|= s/ t
v r
v=lim r/ t ( t . 0)= r/ t
.
v
v=|v|=|lim r/ t ( t . 0)|= s/ t
s
s= t2 t1 v(t)dt (/)
7. mv (m-md) (v+dv) udm. mv=(m-dm)(v+dv)-udm.dv=(u+v)*dm/m (u+v)=c dv=-c* dm/m - c=const.|n-v|dv=|m-v|-cdm/m.(v-v0=c*LNm0 / m)
8 - F< Fmax=m0*N, m0- N F=m*N m-
8
. . . . .
|
|
.F=γ*m1*m2/r², γ- . F . m P=mg.(P g-). , P=F=γ*M*m/r² ( ). , . , , . , .
9. . - dA=Fdr=Fcosads a F dr ds- FS- F dS - N=dA/dt=Fdr/dt=FdrM [A]=1=1*1 [N]=1=1*/
10. - = dA=Fdr=(mdv/dt)*dr=mvdv=mvdv=dt dT=dA T=|o-v|mvdv=mv 2 - .. - =0( )
[T]=[]= 1
13. ... r p M=(r*p) M (r^p) - r- =1/2 r vdt.ds=1/2(r*v)*dt=1/2m((r*p)dt)=1/2m(M*dt).ds/dt=M/2m=nst.
14 1. 2. r S. T=S/V V T=(p2*a* b)/V a b- 3.T2=(4p2/G *Ms)*A3 Ms- G- A-
11
13
A|1-2|Fdr,FT+F=mdv/dt,Fdr=-FTdr+mvdv, dr/dt=v, |1-2|Fdr=|1-2|F T r+m|v1-v2|vdv. F T dr=F T drcos(90+a) =-F Tsinadr=-F TdH=-mgH, |1-2|Fdr=mg(H 2-H 1)+mv2 2/2 +mv1 2/2 =0 m .. = -.. F=-grad = grad=(dI/dX)* I+(dI/dY)*J+(dI/dZ*k =kx 2/2 -
|
|
12
14
( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) Fk+F+ F : ( )