.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





, λ(t). , (t, t + ∆ t), , :

λ(t) = = m ′(t),

m (t) (0, t). λ(t) .

, , , λ(t), τ > 0, t 0 ( , , t 0 + τ) (t 0, τ) , t 0 t 0 + τ.

 

1. λ(t):

1) (t 0, τ)

m (t 0, τ) = , (m = 1, 2, ),

m (t 0, τ) , [ t 0, t 0 + τ ] m , t 0 t 0 + τ,

= ;

2) (t 0, τ)

D ( (t 0, τ)) = a.

 

, , , , .

. p 1(t 0; Δ t) ( ) t 0 t 0 + Δ t.

, Δ t, , t 0.

 

2. t 0 t 0 + Δ t λ(t)

p 1(t 0; Δ t) ≈ λ(t 0) ∙ Δ tt → 0).

 

, .

 

(t 0, τ).

 
 
.2

 
  λ (t)
  (t 0, τ) =a (t 0, τ) = M( (t 0, τ)) =
  (t 0, τ) m (t 0, τ) = , (m = 1, 2, )
  , t 0 t 0 + τ p0 (t 0, t 0 + τ) = ( (t 0, τ)= 0) =
  , t 0 t 0 + τ k (k =1,2,3) ( (t 0, τ) <k) =
  , t 0 t 0 + τ k (k =1,2,3) ( (t 0, τ) ≥ k) = 1-
  , t 0 t 0 + τ ( (t 0, τ) ≥ 1) = 1 -
  t 0 t 0+ Δ t p 1(t 0; Δ t) ≈ λ(t 0) ∙ Δ tt → 0).  
  (t 0, τ) D ( (t 0, τ)) =
  (t 0, τ) σ( (t 0, τ)) = =

 

 

. , , 0 t . , λ(t). , t 0, (t 0)

(t) = P (T < t) = 1 P (Tt).

P (Tt) , t 0 t 0 + t

P ( (t 0) ≥ t) = ℮- = , (1)

(t) = 1 - .

,

(t) = λ(t 0 + t) (t > 0).

. t 0 λ(t).

, , , : .

.

, , .

. ( ), 1, 2, .

:

1) , . ; . ( ) . , .

2) ( ) V. , , , .. L . , , . , 1 = , 2 = , . , , , .

. .

(). , , , ( ). , .

, , , , - .

, .

( ).

 
 

 

 


, (1). , : , 1, 2, , .

, (k +1)- , k- ( k).

k - . 0 t 1, 2, . k +1

= ,

1, 2, k ,

f (t) = λ- λt (t > 0). (1)

fk (t) k. fk (t) dt , t dt.

 

 
 

 

 


, (t, t + dt), k -1 (0, t). λdt;

pk (t) = .

,

fk (t) dt = λ dt,

fk (t) = (t > 0).

k- . , k = 1 (1).

fk (t) mk Dk.

mk = = km 0,

m 0 = .

mk = .

Dk = , σk = .

λk k - ( k ). λk = , ,

λk = λ = k.

, λk k - k λ .

k - k. λk k , λ , k 0 t, .. k k. k- .

:

1) = k = λ, k = 1,2.3,

2) = , k = 1,2.3,.

3)

() = mk = , k = 1,2.3,.

4)

D () = Dk = = , k = 1,2.3,.

5)

σ () = , k = 1,2.3,.

, : k , .

; , k, : (k = 1) (k = ∞). , , .

 

. :

mt = 2 (), Dt = 0,8 (2).

.

. λ = = 0,5.

k = = 5.

, .

 

k - k = k - .

.3


k - k - k -
  λ λ
  k - λk = k = λ
  fk (t) = = k fk (kt) =
  λ = k
  () = = () = =
  D () = = D () =
  σ (T) = = σ () =


1. , ,

1) .

2) .

35 . .

. 1) = ≈ 0,6886.

2) = ≈ 0,1738.►


2. , , . 4 5 , 1 . 5 , 2 . 6 .

1) , .

2) .

. () = 6 , , λ = .

1) 4 , , .

= ≈ 0,4883.

2) , 4 5 , , ..

F (5) F (4) = - = - ≈ 0,5117 0,4361 = 0,075.

, 5 ,

≈ 0,4361.

,

10,075 + 20,4361 = 0,9472 . ►

 

 

3. , , .

, τ , τ, ; ; . , , 6.

, :

1) 7 ;

2) 7 ;

3) 7 ;

4) ;

5) ;

6) ;

6) .

. 1

p 7(1) ≈ 0,138;

( (1) < 7) ≈ 0,606;

( (1) 7) ≈ 0,394;

p 0() ≈ 0,223;

( () 1) ≈ 0,950;

P (T < ) ≈ 0,670;

P (T) ≈ 0,330.►

 

4. , , . , , τ, , . , , , - .

.

, , : λ(t) = .

1) 6 ;

2) 6 ;

3) 5 ;

4) ;

5) ;

6) , ;

7) , .

. .

6(0; 4) ≈ 0,072;

6(4; 4) ≈ 0,005;

( (8,4) 5) ≈ 0,999;

p0 (0,2) ≈ 0,022;

( (5,2) 1) ≈ 0,999;

P (T (9) ≥ ) ≈ 0,147;

P (T (6) < ) ≈ 0,665.►

 

5. . . : 2,5 (), 2,7 (2).

, , , k . . , .

. k = 2; = 0,4 ( )

= 0,64∙ t ∙℮-0,8 t; ≈ 0,5.►





:


: 2016-07-29; !; : 2999 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1679 - | 1548 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.087 .