22 , , . , . , , , , . .
, F 1, 2,..., n:
F = f (x1, 2, , n). (3.16)
i , : m1, m2,..., mn. :
, (3.17)
(∂f/∂i) - i.
, , . . , . , , , .
.
1. , ().
2. , .
3. .
.
3.1. .
, i (3.6).
= (1 + 2 + + n) / n. (3.18)
1/n , mi :
, (3.19)
. (3.20)
, .. m1 = m2 =... = mn = m, (3.20)
. (3.21)
, .
(3.10)
. (3.22)
, , , , , .
3.2. , ,
, (3.23)
h , b .
, (3.23), , h = 12 , = 23 , b = 40 , : mh = 0,06 , ma = 0,02 , mb = 0,05 .
|
|
.
h, a b:
- h: ;
- : ;
- b: .
:
(3.24)
(3.24) . (h a b):3 V,
(3.25)
, (3.26)
δ - .
(3.24).
3.
V = (23 40 ∙12): 3 = 3680 3.
δV = 19,23 /3680 = 0,00523 = .
δV (3.26).
:
δh = 0,06: 12 = 0,00500, δa = 0,02: 23 = 0,00087, δb = 0,05: 40 = 0,00125.
(3.26) δV = 0,00523, .
3.3. b :
: b = 140,12 (δb = 1: 2000; mb = 140,12: 2000 = 0,07 ), = 7318,8' (m = 0,4'), = 6305,6' (m = 0,3').
.
.
. (3.27)
:
- b: (mb sin A / sin B)2;
- : (b mA cos A / r' sin B)2;
r' = 3438¢ ( ; );
- : (b mB sin A cos B / r' sin2 B)2.
,
. (3.28)
: m = 0,096 .
, , b. . , b. , , .
, (3.27), 189,81 . δ = ma / = 0,096 / 189,81 = 1:1977, .. b ( , b).
, , , , , . , π = 3,14, π = =3,1416, π = 3,141592654, ! .
3.4. π, , R = 136,543 ( δR = 1:40000), δS 1:20000?
.
: S = πR 2 = (, , π = 3,14) = 58542,13126 2.
= (1:20000)⋅58542,13126 = 2,92711 2.
= (1:40000)⋅136,543 = 0,0034136 .
|
|
π, , :
- S ( R ) → ;
- R ( S ) → .
(3.17) ,
= ( ) = 0,000222.
, , π 0,00001 : π = 3,14159.
S = 58571,78 2.