(5
] , :
u = Uacos((ut + ). (5
(5.5), (5.6) , i , , : .
(5.4), (5. (5.6) (5.2),
(5.7)
*'> = ( (5.8)
(5.7)
cos a cosB ^ Icos ( f
(5.9)
1 , , |' SU, cos (/
- ,.), j 'n =G, U cos (),, -).
(5.9) ,
- .
(5.1),
(5.11)
ф0 - ; £,', U * - ; G .
(5.10) (5.11) -
:
S ; Gi ; 5() ; G .
, :
(5.13)
, > (,. /,- ,, mo, in,., (5.13) -.
(5.13) ( UnU.) (_ u UJU ) Z .Zc,
(5.13) , U /,|Z (, . 5.1, ),
(5.15)
;
|=1/,
(5.16)
.
(5.14), . 5.2, , , , Rt R / 5 Sn.
(5.13) , Uc = - /CZC ( = = 0, Uc = /j .Zc =
.
(5.17), (5.18) (5.13):
|
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(5.20)
(5.7) (5.9), . , . . S ~"- KsUr, , -
4i ,
, . .
5 .2.
, . , othoci ! ; , , , (, , .
, , . ? , .
(5.8) , = / -,,. = + ),, = <. :
. , ) . 3 = = ( + 2. (. ■ SnZ,a). ^- .
, (5.7) ,
(5.22)
Un = /nZ
(5.23)
= = . ,
(5.24)
S > S, ^ > .
, . , ,
. , .
(5.25)
. 5.3. , , , , . . 5.3 , () .
|
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, , . . (. . , , ) . , ( ) . 5.3. , -
. . () . .
, , . , , . 5.3.
- ( = 1) , , S ( ) = 180 (. . 5.4). , , .
, , , , . = | |, ( = 1). ' , (0) (Uc) . ,
, , (tVc). .
5.3.
. , , . .
] , ; . , ( S = d/c/d 3 < . ! ] - (/ (). ( S = S (3) = S(u (. 5.4) ; : ] . npi
5 S0:
(5.26) , 1, . , (= 1).
|
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= 1 = 180 ( 9opt = 1 120).' , ,
. .
, S,, .
, . ( ) , . , .
. 5.5 5.6 . . 5.5 , . , (/ />), , . . 5.5.
■ R . Ra , /. . 5.6 (^-)-
. , , (~ 1/S0), .. R , . , . , . - . 5.4.
, .
. 5.9
< .
6i < , .
1 . ; npi . 5.7-5.9. ;
|
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(. 5.8, 5.9). , .
/0 < < (0,1-^0,2)/, . , ( , ).
, , :
(5.28)
Yc ; Yin .
-
, S (0), .
S (u63)K=COnst /K'(63)iiK = cor,st.
(5.29)
(. 5.10). , 1/; = = £ + £/rcosci)[i, .
S, ^ " V COS ( i>_ t
() = ^
5 S0:
(5.30) (5.31)
/0 (), / () - ; S2 ! , £.
U 50-^200 , ' ( ) .
, .
,
( = ; 0 , . .). /, Gn . , , . ,
(5.32)
G06p .
, .
. , 1020 36 ( ), . -
. , , .
< ; , ! * , . . . 511 , S22 < , S2l up - . , S12lip , ? .
|
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: . 5.11. . 1015
LXCX . C2L.ZC3 ,
/ = 1/2 YL 2^r7r ^
^,lls (2 +
~ )1 (3-\- -2 -\- ) = \^ RJRb,x, . RCj, . , , , .
( 8- 12--). , .
- , , , ,
. . , , 510 . , .
. 5.12. . Lx , / /4 .
/2 = /4 /3 /4. /4 1/4 . .
5.4.
(), [. 5.1 (5.21)]. , . , , , , , . . -
. , (. 5.13). Ut , = kTq (|= = 26 ), S = I ;2, £/,,, S X X /? {/, = I., R £/,/(2). , Ij R.t > U 0 , U.JR,
(5.33)
kx = Rj (2yT R3)-
k^. 0,04; 0,1; 1; 10 1/. () 7, ( ), ()
, , 1754, 4351, 2351, , 2356. , 200 , 21 22 500 [31].