1. , , ? ? .
2. , :
) CaCl2 + N
) Al + NaOH
) Zn + 2SO4(.)
) Fe + H2O
3. , .
4. , 糿 Cu-Mg .
5. ? .
Ҳί
, , ? ? .
Mg | Mn | Fe | Sn | ||
Ni | Al | Ag | Mg | ||
Zn | Bi | Zn | Cd | ||
Cu | Fe | Pb | Co | ||
Ni | Sn | Al | Fe | ||
Pb | Fe | Sn | Cd | ||
Mn | Zn | Mn | Ni | ||
Cu | Al |
, , , .
Mg | Mn | Fe | Sn | ||||
Ni | Al | Ag | Mg | ||||
Zn | Bi | Zn | Cd | ||||
Cu | Fe | Pb | Co | ||||
Ni | Sn | Al | Fe | ||||
Pb | Fe | Sn | Cd | ||||
Mn | Zn | Mn | Ni | ||||
Cu | Al |
, . .
:
г | г | ||
Hg + H2SO4() Mg + NaOH Zn + CuCl2 Ca + HNO3(p) | Pb + H2O Au + HNO3(p) Co + HCl() Na + CdSO4 | ||
Sr + H2SO4() Ca + H2O Mg + AgNO3 Pt + HCl(p) | Be + H2SO4(p) Pt + NaOH Ca + NiCl2 Bi + HNO3() | ||
Co + HCl(p) Ba + HNO3() Ba + KOH Zn + HgSO4 | Co + HCl() Sn + MgSO4 Mg + HNO3(p) Hg + H2O | ||
K + H2SO4(k) Au + H2O Ni + HNO3(p) Fe + PbCl2 | Ba + CrCl3 Ca + NaOH Fe + HNO3(p) Zn + H2SO4(p) | ||
Cd + H2SO4(k) Pb + Zn(NO3)2 Mn + HCl(p) Ca + NaOH | Cd + HCl(p) Zn + H2SO4(k) Bi + H2O Sn + AgNO3 | ||
Al + NiSO4 Ba + H2O Bi + HCl(k) Li + HNO3(p) | Al + H2S4(p) Co + HgCl2 Pb + KOH Br + HNO3(k) | ||
Zn + KOH Fe + HCl(p) Al + NaOH +H2O Mg + AgNO3 | Na + H2O Zn + HCl(p) Ba + Pb(NO3)2 Sn + NaOH +2ή | ||
Ca + HNO3(p) Al + NaOH Ag + HCl(k) Sn + CuSO4 |
|
|
IV
, 糿 , :
Ag | Zn | Fe | Cu | ||
Cd | Mg | Ag | Mn | ||
Sn | Cu | Zn | Co | ||
Fe | Ni | Sn | Mg | ||
Mn | Bi | Ni | Cu | ||
Ag | Co | Sn | Cd | ||
Al | Sn | Ni | Bi | ||
Pb | Cd |
V
.
KOH H2SeO4 Ni(NO3)2 | AlCl3 NiSO4 Na | CdSO4 Pb(NO3)2 | |||
Na2SO4 ZnCl2 Mg(NO3)2 | K2SO4 NaOH Ni(NO3)2 | HNO3 K2SO4 NaCl | |||
AlCl3 NiSO4 CdCl2 | Cd(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 | Zn(NO3)2 MgCl2 Al(NO3)3 | |||
KOH H2SO4 KNO3 | NaOH HCl NaNO3 | Al2(SO4)3 Na2SO4 CdCl2 | |||
2SO4 CuCl2 Ba(OH)2 | ZnSO4 K2SO3 Ni(NO3)2 | ZnCl2 NaOH NaNO3 |
18 ղ̲ί ̲
( )
1. : , , , , , .
2. , . .
3. . . . ( ﳿ - ).
4. , . . . . ( ﳿ - ).
5. ó - . ó . ( ).
˳
[20], [21], [22], [23]