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W - .

, , , . , δ , 0 , dW , . .

δ = dW.

= m ,

= m .

,

δA = m d = mυdυ = dW ,

.

, m, υ,

W = mυ 2/2. (3.5)

(3.4) , , . . . (3.4) , , . , , , , . , .

Wp - , .

(, , ), , , , , , . , , , - . , , , ; .

, , Wp. ( ) , , :

δA = dWp. (3.6)

δA (3.6)

= - dWp. (3.7)

, Wp (), (3.7) .

(3.7)

Wp = + C,

- , . . . , , , , . - ( ), .

Fx = - , Fy = - , Fz = - ,

= - grad Wp, (3.8)

grad Wp = + + (3.9)

(, , - ). , (3.9), Wp.

grad Wp . (-) , -:

+ + . (3.10)

Wp . , m, h ,

Wp = mgh, (3.11)

h , Wp = 0. (3.11) , h .

, ( !). , , , ( h '), Wp = - mgh '.

(). , F x F x , . .

F x = - F x = kx.

δA, F x dx,

δA = F x dx = kxdx,

A = = kx 2/2

. ,

Wp = kx 2/2. (3.12)

, , . .

- :

W = W + Wp, (3.13)

. . .

 

- . .., , . .

(m 1 + m 2 ++ mn ) = + + + + + ++ .

m 1, m 2,..., m n, , ,..., . , ,..., - , , a , ,..., - , . , , ; , , , ,..., . u << c :

m 1 = + + ,

m 1 = + + ,

mn = + + .

, dt , , ,..., . , , = dt, :

m 1 ,

m 2 ,

mn .

,

- = (3.14)

(3.14)

= = dW,

dW . , , . . dWp (. (3.6).

(3.11) , . ,

d (W + Wp) = δ. (3.15)

1 - 2

,

. . , . , (3.15) ,

d (W + Wp) = 0,

W + Wp = W = const, (3.16)

. . . (3.16) : , , , . . .

, ( ), . : .

, . . . , , .

- , () . ( ) . , .

. , . , , . - , , .

, , , . , . . , , . - .






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