. I, " ", ,
.
,
, -
(news item, news story). -
,
-
.
,
,
- ,
("") .
.
- .
-
. , -
("11 Die in South Africa"; "Britain's Labour Party Makes
Garns"; "Pickels Stop Murdoch Papers"; "China Compounds US Space
Gloom"). -
(" "; ";
" "; " "). ,
, .
("Green Light for US Arms
Mongers"; "Labour Pledge on NHS Workers' Pay"; "Deaf Black Children's
Uphill Task in Educa-tion"), ("
", " ", " ").
, .
b ("Israel Set to Raid
Lebanon";"2 US Navy Battle Groups Poised for Move on Libya"; "Inland
Water Storage Urged to Stern Rise of Oceans"; "Noel Fields Dead").
("Plane Undergoes Repairs After Bomb Blast";
"President Teils Civil Servants to Keep Will to Strike"; "Gandhi Shuffles
Sikh to Intenor Ministry"). ,
, : "National Gallery Launches Bid to
Buy the Titian" "
". ,
.
|
|
|
. . ,
Praesens Historicum ("Riot Police Greet Print Lobby"; "Horseman Hits
Apartheid Trau"; "Yankees Rally to Beat Royals in lOth Inning"; "Qadhafi
Rejects Insult").
. (" ";
" "; " ").
.
.
("Maudesley Ward to Shut During Holidays"; "NATO to Test Air Power in
Europe"; "MPs to Ask Questions on Cruise"; "President to Visit Europe").
"" ,
,
. ""
: , ,
. .
,
, .
, . ,
,
( , ): "
" "Racists Attack Front-Line States"; "
( )" "Agrarian
Congress Opens in Bulgaria"; " "
"Festival Closes in Mexico".
,
. , .
, :
, , ,
,
II :
" " "Contract Signed"; " "
"Racists Denounced"; " " "Masterpieces
Returned"; " " "Coach Replaced".
,
b
("Contract Signed"; "Coach Replaced").
, ,
. ,
. , : "
" "Commission Meets in Baghdad"; " "
"Aid Comes in Time".
. ,
,
, ,
-
184
|
|
|
,
:
" "'Seven' to Meet in Tokyo"; "
" "Polish United Workers' Party to Hold Congress";
" - " "Kasparov and
Karpov to Play Return Match."
.
(headline vocabulary, headlinese),
. ,
" ": ban,
bid, claim, crash, cut, dash, hit, move, pact, plea, probe, quit, quiz, rap, Red,
rush, slash [Seilers, 1968, 103]. ,
,
. , , bid
'', '', '', '', '',
'', hit ' ', ' ', '
', '', ' -.,
', pact ', , ', '',
'', '', probe '',
' , ', '', quit
'', '', '', ' ',
'', quiz ',
'', ', '.
. ,
,
. , ban forbid
prohibit; rap criticize, reprimand, interrogate; Red Communist,
Socialist, progressive.
.
( ).
.
: "Minebea Fos Trafalgar-Glen Bid". .
: Minebea Corp, of Japan, the world's largest maker of
precision bearings, has foiled a hostile takeover attempt by a US-British
financial group, the Kyodo News Service reported Friday.
,
,
: Trafalgar-Glen Bid a hostile takeover
attempt by a US-British financial group. ,
: " -
" "
- ".
,
13. . 311
, : "Beim Blasts Tory Nuclear Cover-up".
" Nuclear Cover-up".
,
cover-up, to cover up '
, ' -.'. -
, .
: Labour
MP Beim last night accused the government of "totally misleading" the
British people about nuclear power. , cover-up
', '',
power ("Tory nuclear
cover-up" "Tory nucleary power cover- up").
: "
" "
".
|
|
|
,
, .
: "Power Station Action
Starts Today". power Station action: 1)
, 2) 3) . , ,
. Action
.
: Today's Start of national industrial action in Britain's
power stations forms the background to the biennial Conferences of the
electricians' union in Scarborough. , power Station
action, a
industrial action ''. ,
: "
" " ".
- .
.
-
,
: "Headlines should teil the story, the sages say" [Seilers, 1968,
96].
,
. . : "Dsseldorfs State Gallery
Proves a Mausoleum for Mummified Modernism"; "Aquino Plans to Hold
Referendum on US Bases"; "Sturdy Land Rover Builds a Stylish Image on
British Pride"; "First Chicago Bank Says Profit Rose 58% for Initial Period."
: , , ,
. ., : "
"; " "; " ";
" ".
,
.
.
, , " ",
, , ,
30
.
: "Iraqi Helicopters Fly Over 90
Missions, Communique Says".
, " ", ,
.
: "General Strike Urged by Haiti's
Opposition Leaders".
, " ",
,
"-86".
: "Soviel Pavillion at EXPO-86
Arouses Interest" "Visitors Flock to Soviel Pavillion at EXPO-86".
|
|
|
, " "
, ()
.
,
- , :
"Denmark to Say 'No' to More Nuclear Tests."
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
, -
,
.
, (-)
, ,
.
,
.
(lead), , , ,
. -
-
(summary lead), "
, "
[Heyn, Brier, 1969, 101].
:
? ? ? ? ? ?
, .
,
. , ,
( ).
-
:
3 = , 3 , , .
: X;
(, ) X; X;
() X; X ; .
:
3 = , 3 , , .
: Z said; said X;
. ST reported (announced, declared); According to X; It is reported from X;
It was announced (reported).
,
-
.
. -,
: ,
,
,
. -,
:
(,
X X said; it is reported from X ).
:
",
,
,
The accused Sikh separatists tried to involve in their conspiracy two police
officers who introduced themselves s IRA militants and claimed they had
recently assassinated a British minister in Westminster;
, 6
Two nuclear submarines surfaced near the
North Pole, accordmg to the Department of the Navy;
...
:
The highlights of
Africa's Liberation Day this year are the UN General Assembly to discuss
the critical economic Situation m Africa and the international Conference in
Paris on
188
|
|
|
sanctions against South Africa, said... Secretary General of the Organization
of African Unity;
CIA-backed Contras operating in Nicaragua murdered 10 people in a
weckend car ambush, it was reported yesterday
, , 10
, ;
Africa's attempt to overcome its worst-ever economic crisis will fail
without added resources in the form of new aid and debt relief, the World Bank
said in a report published here Friday
,
,
.
() .
,
,
:
= , , , M , .
: The Teamsters Union called a citywide strike today.
-
.
,
, ,
:
= , , , M .
, ,
.
,
. -
.
:
-,
,
"
-
1985 .
-,
... ,
,
.
: A press Conference on the results of the meeting of the Soviet
Architects' Union and the US organization "Architects, Designers and
Planners for Social Responsibility" was held in Moscow yesterday.
-
,
: Britain has opened a legal inquiry into the
conspiracy to assassinate Indian Prime-Minister R. Gandhi during his
official visit to Britain in October 1985.
,
IV, ,
,
( ) .
. :
Guatemala will host a
Central American Summit next week.
,
, :
Asian and
African writers have met for their fourth Conference in Delhi today.
.
(Asian and African writers)
(meet).
,
-
, .
,
,
,
, :
""
,
, 80- The
Stockholm Homlegarden Park today has opened its grounds for a two-day
festival of Norskensflamman, Sweden's only Communist daily, the organ of
the Workers' Party (the Communists of Sweden) celebrating its 80th birthday.
(today)
(celebrating its
80th birthday today 80- ).
,
.
- , ,
, , ,
.
.
,
. .: Two firemen
fought their way into a smoke-filied building where a boy was trapped in
the second floor today and died of asphyxiation.
,
(Two fireman... died of
asphyxiation) ,
.
("to say first things first").
: Two
fireman were asphyxiated today while trying to rescue a boy trapped on the
second floor of a smoke-filled building [Heyn, Brier, 1969, 124].
-
. ,
, ,
,
. ,
: "
...
, ".
.
- ,
.
: Problems of political, military and economic
cooperation between West Germany and France were discussed during the
visit of the FRG Foreign Minister H.-D. Genscher to France.
.
. , , ,
s
.
, as ,
, ,
: Organised
resistance to the fascist regime in Chile escalated yesterday as bombs went
off at government targets in cities and towns across the country.
, s
.
: "
.
".
: As print workers stood firm in their
fight for Jobs, Tony Dobbins called on fellow trade unionists to join
the mass demonstration at Rupert Murdoch's Wapping plant on Saturday.
:
, s. ,
,
,
, . , ,
, ,
, . ,
. As
. ,
: "
.
,
".
,
in,
, :
The deputy chief of the squad of US advisers helping the Salvadonan Junta
forces has been shot dead in the first known killing of a US military adviser
in El Salvador.
in (in the first known killing of a
US military adviser...) :
"
, .
".
, ,
,
, ,
,
. ,
, (),
,
( ),
.
-
.
.
, -
1, - ,
, -
. ,
.
, .
" " [Heyn,
Brier, 1969, 87].
, , -
,
, . (. . I, "
"). , ,
(,
..) . ,
.
- .
,
. . [Haskovec, First, 1972, 12],
.
, ,
-
" "):
London, Dec. 11 (AP) ...A heaving groundswell of anger against
go-slow electric-power workers has risen up among Britons fed up with
cold meals, blocked- and dimmed-out homes and ice-cold fires.
A government minister said yesterday there is mounting disquiet
among many power-workers over the public backlash to their work-to-
rule.
"I am absolutely certain that many are unhappy about what is
happening," said Industry Minister Sir John Eden after visiting an
electricity control center. "There is a great deal of unease."
Conditions in the dimout for elderly people are "heart-breaking and
all too often fatal," said Dr. Geoffrey Taylor, a Department of Health
researcher [HaSkovec, First, 1972, 28].
,
. ,
, ,
,
: 1) " "
a heaving grandswell of anger, fed up Britons, public backlash to... work-
to-rule; 2) mounting disquiet
among many power-workers, many are unhappy, a great deal of unease;
3) " " cold meals, blacked- and
dimmed-out homes, ice-cold fires, heart-breaking (fatal) conditions.
,
.
, .
:
, 11 ().
.
,
.
,
.
,
, ,
, . .
-
, "
, " .
. : 1)
, ...,
; 2)
, , , 3)
,
, ... .
.
-
. .: When non-striking workers report to
the plant tomorrow, they will face a challenging line of pickets "
,
"; De Gaulle sent bis military
commander a blistering cable "
".
(challenging , blistering ),
(line , cable
), (
, ).
-
,
: Christine Keeler burst into tears and ducked into seclusion.
, ,
duck
fled
.
(. burst into tears duck into seclusion). ,
, . ,
,
, ,
.
. duck
.
, ,
,
. ( . se retirer),
'' ( -
194
),
, (. : "
"). ,
: '
'.
..
[, 1974]. , , ,
-
.
. , ..,
" ",
.
fall
-
: The first major project flopped on electronics factory in a free-
trade zone.
" " ("", " "),
: '
'.
- ,
, ..
. , , ,
- ,
.
. , ,
, .
Reaganomics ' ,
'.
(, star wars " ").
,
(nonce-words).
nonce-words
(blending, telescoping). , 7080-
,
Watergate ,
. ., :
Judy Carland's ex-husband Sid Luft has accused David Begelman, president
of Columbia Pictures and a central figure in the unfolding "Hollywood-gate"
drama, of embezzling up to 100,000 dollars from the late singer while
managing her career.
Had the government proclaimed a stern law and then winked at its
offenders? Who knew about the misdeeds? How much did they know? The
affair that Britons were dubbing "Oilgate" threatened to reach the highest
places.
() -
195
.
"" .
,
. , ,
: 1) - ( "", .
""), , 2)
, ,
( " "):
'
" " ,
"" [ .
. ], , ,
, .
, ? ?
? ,
" ", ,
'.
,
,
. ,
60- missile gap '
'
gap: news gap, production gap, culture gap,
development gap, credibihty gap, Communications gap.
,
, '', '',
'', ' -.'.
(
): "What generation gap?" asks University of Michigan
psychologist Joseph Adelson, who argues that an overwhelming majority of the
young as many as 80% tend to be traditionalist in values
?
,
80%
"; Nevertheless, he added, the Administration
"faces a credibility gap of enormous proportions" with Blacks
,
"; Oh, dear, it seems that we are faced with what
the anthropologists call a culture gap, which can be crossed only by a
certain stretching on your side, a certain amount of deliberate explication on
mine " , , ,
,
, , ,
, , ,
".
- ,
:...our modern
technological society is now so complex that its problems can only be
managed by innumerable cadres of specialists. As a result there is a growing gulf
a widening "Communications gap" between the governors and the
governed "...
,
.
".
("The Barnhart Dictionary of New English",
19631972) Communications gap :
"a failure of understanding, usually because of a lack of Information, especially
between different age groups, economic classes, political fractions, or cultural
groups."
,
failure of understanding. Communications gap
.
. ,
- game plan
. ,
', ': Now that there are signs of a
change in the trend of the economy, it is timely to make a preliminary
judgment on how the Administration's game plan for overcoming Inflation
without recession has been going ",
,
, ,
".
.
-,
,
( ): John burst onto the political scene owing
vast sums of money, clever exploitation of television, cadres of advance men,
personality-projection techniques and the launching pad of Presidential
primanes " ,
,
,
,
".
launching pad ' '
,
"".
,
. ,
think tank,
''.
'- ', ' '. .,
: A task force of the Heritage Foundation, an extremely
conservative think tank among the close advisers to the President elect, is
directing its main fire against civil rights and for abolition of all aspects of
affirmative action
", ,
,
.
,
,
. ,
,
. ,
,
, , ,
, .
circles (ruling circles, reactionary circles ..).
, . ,
circles
.
circles (quarters, sections, community, forces, elite). .,
:
The proposal did not find favour in official quarters;
The Soviel decision to prolong the
Underground test moratorium was welcomed by broad sections of the world
public;
The problem
of tapping unconventional sources of energy is being widely discussed by
the international scientific community;
The nuclear freeze idea enjoys wide support of progressive
forces in the USA itself;
The ruling elite of capitalist society uses numerous channels to
disseminate its ideology.
-
. , .., ,
, ""
[, 1971].
.
, ,
.
,
- .
-
. , ,
-
- .
,
, .
,
, -
, ,
-
. , -
,
-, ,
..
.
: "
. ?
:
, ".
, .
, . . ,
, .
.
: Fields are turning
green. What harvest will the first year of the five-year period bring? Farmers
know that the yield will depend on their concerted and efficient work right
now. ,
( yield, farmer,
fields are turning green).
,
,
,
,
. :
, ,
,
, .
: " .
, ".
: saw the country in the clenches of the
blockade. He learned of the famine and hardships that had befallen the
people.
: saw the country being Strangled by the blockade,
the famine and hardships the people were suffering.
,
in the clenches of the blockade, that
had
befallen the people. :
-
,
, ,
- (strangled
by the blockade, the people were suffering) [, 1973, 195].
- ,
. ., :
, ,
, .
, ,
,
, ,
The Soviel proposals to scrap nuclear arms, end the arms race and ward
off the war danger are widely supported in African countries...
Friendly cooperation between the USSR and Libya is based on a
common stand in opposing the imperialist policy of aggression, violence
and interference in other peoples' affairs, a profound interest in averting
nuclear war, safeguarding and consolidating peace, promoting freedom,
indepedence and equality.
- ,
Nomina Actionis (, , ,
, , , ,
), -
, ,
- (,
).
,
(,
).
. ,
(, ,
proposals to scrap nuclear arms); -
(
a common stand). -
( )
in the matter of opposing,
-
in opposing. ,
200
ensure, ensurmg, (
promotion). .
.
, .
, ,
,
, , .
.
: "
".
: Meditation on human society's future can be
traced throughout the history of human thought.
: Speculation on the future of human society is as old
as the history of ideas.
, , -
, ,
. , ,
(.: ).
... meditation... be
traced.
- ,
, :
() (...can be traced throughout the
history of human ideas...is as old as the history of ideas). .
meditation
speculation.
, ,
, .
, ,
- . "
, . ., ,
" [Heyn, Brier, 1969, 12].
, .
,
,
.
" ",
, : "
?"
: Would you please quote a few examples to
illustrate the thesis on uneven economic development under capitalism.
14. . 311
: Would you please illustrate the thesis on uneven
economic development under capitalism?
quote a few examples to illustrate illustrate.
" "
. , illustrate,
"The Random House Dictionary of the English
Language", "to make clear or intelligible, s by examples,
exemplify." , ,
quote a few examples, .
,
, :
,
: , ,
,
, It looks as if Novak, one of
the President's most intimate friends, was sent to Bern with the sole aim of
deadlocking the talks.
,
:
deadlock.
- ,
,
: Since each mirved rocket is capable of carrying a
numbe
