.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





,
, A.B.
, "
( )
" [, 1986, 14].

. A.A.
, .. , . A.B.

: 1)
, ; 2)


; 3)
; 4)
; 5)
; 6)
-
().


A.B.
.
,
,
,

. , ,
, ..
,
, , A.B.

.

, ,
, ,

.

,
.

,

[, 1959, 322] .
. , ,
,
[, 1947, 497].


,
. ,
. :
? . ?
() What did Beltov do during these ten years? Everything, or
almost everything. What did he achieve? Nothing, or almost nothing
[Catford, 1965,75].

,
, ,
. , , -
tumbleweed (.. '
'), - -, leopard moth
, snowdrop . .
:
candlestick, gun dog, -


seemg-eye dog, crab-apple.
,
. , , - ,
- herrmg-bone (pattern):
wears a green herring-bone jacket. -
eggs
sunny side up. ,
, . .
pressure sleeve, gripping jaw,
cable r, wrist pin,
pulley face, ( ) docking.


,

: Pressure from without needs to be redoubled in the coming
weeks agamst that smister prospect as well
, .
,
, ( prospect
'' , pressure agamst prospects ...
).

' ,
.
,

. , ,
be ,
. ,
, I`m being careful

; You're being annoying
,
*I`m being happy *She's being tired [Swan, 1984,
96].


. ,

) (, , ,
..), ) (, , , ..), )
(, , , ), )
(, ) .
.
.
" ".

: ) (

, , ,
), ) , )
( ,
, ).


.
. father-in-law '', '', mother-in-law
'', '', daughter-in-law '', ''.


:
() The son-in-law tries to please bis father-in-
law; My mother-in-law is a domineering person
.


,
- .
: , ,
, .
() At home what I say is law. Only father is playing the fool
as usual, but then he's been behaving utterly disgracefully for some time...
. : Father's making quite a fool of himself as usual, and
has become quite a reprobate.

. , , .,
:


,
, , .
.
, -,
( ).

,
.

. , , .,
:


, - () Mrs.
Yepanchina was growing more capricious and impatient every year; indeed
she was becoming quite an eccentric person.

. . .
', (.. ', ') '.
. eccentric
('peculiar, strange'), : peculiar
', '. , , ,
,
.



,
.

,
.


, .. .
inferiority superiority,
.

(
. ): The adoption of the defensive does not necessarily
mean weakness or inferiority of our troops

[, 1974, 49].


,
.

,
. , , ,
"purple" ,
continuum, . ,
"Random thouse" any colour intermediate
between red and blue.
: , ,
, .

,
, .
, ..


[, 1977, 25]. ., : In the mornings again Cora
would stand at the open door of her cabin, brushing her grey hair with a slow
brush (Bradbury) " ,
".
. .
: "" brush
brush ' '.
,
( ) with a
slow brush .


:... ,
,
() The dense foliage of the bushes growing in the deep
crevices of the cliffs showered a silvery rain upon us at the slightest breath of
wind.

,
, ' -. -.
' (" " . ..
). - ,
, , ,
"...


" (). -
. strew (with), shower (on). Ho strew
'', ' '
, strew sand over the floor, strew seeds over the
earth, flowers strewed the path ..
shower "" (.
[Longman, 1978]: to rain or pour down in showers). ,
the bushes showered a silvery rain upon us
.

,
,
,
("
").
""
, , ,
.
, -.
' ,
,
,
: Over the
liquor shelves hangs a row of wooden tablets in which the names of Irish
cities and provinces are carved
,
.



, ,
, : In 1961 an airliner
crash in Illinois killed seventy-eight persons; Bad weather brought Concorde
002 down on a sudden visit to London's Heathrow airport yesterday;The split
in the Democratic Party elected Lincoln.
- . -
" ", " " "
" . ,
,
, , (.
, , ).


,
(bring down
,
elect , kill ),
: 1961

; - -002
;

.


,
- ,
.: ,
... () At that moment our eyes met, and I saw that hers
swam with tears; No amount of cover-up rationalizing, alibiing or ducking
will avoid the inevitable day of reckoning ,
.
-
(" ")
( )
.

, ,
- . ,
Over the liquor shelves hangs a row of
wooden tablets... (. )
; - -
Bad weather brought Concorde-002 down...
.


.

, ,
. , -,
, : "I call the meeting to order" "The meeting will, please,
come to order", :
" ".
: " ".
"Hold on" "Hold the line."

"Wet pain". ",
".

,
, ,

.
, , ,
-, ,

.


,
. , ,
,
, :
-. ,
,
-
.
, .

9.3.311 129


, ""
, ,
.


, , ,
.

,
,
,
,
() ,
(), : Old birds are not to be
caught with chaff .

, ,
,
. ,
(old bird ' ').
.

"" "".
( )
. ., ,
" " s the tree, so
the fruit.

,
( )
-
,
. ., ,
sea-dog.
"", ..
() () [, 1977, 31].




, .. , ,
, , ,
, . ,

get, take, give, have, make, do.

, , .
, , , , ,
..
"
". ,
, ..
, ,
-
130


, ,

[, 1982, 3033]. , have, take, get, give
'' ' '
, ..
.
(. ): Give
me a little wine if you please, dear Miss Briggs, and let us be friends
(Thackerey) ", ,
, "; Get me some coffee (Hemingway)
" ".


( , ). (,
,
)
:

'Are you hungry?' I asked him.

'No', he said. 'You know I couldn't eat, Harry!'

'All right',1 told him. 'You can have one'(Hemingway)

" ? .

, , , , .

, . ".


: 'Will you like to take anything? (Thackeray)
- ?"


make do,
: '... Make coffee, if you want'
(Hemingway) "... , "; 'Are you writing
a new book?' 'Yes. About half done' (Idem) "
? , ".


.
, , ,
. .
' '. , ,
, , .

" ":

, , ?

- ,
"I suppose you are going to Stavropol?"

"Yes, Sir, I am... with some government baggage."



, .. ,
.
(),
(): And then comes the father who has nothing to
do but


pet them and steals their affection from her (Shaw) "
, , k
". ce, ("")
, steal . "";,!
" -." steal '' " , ".
, "", "" 4 ,
, ,
, .

.


, :
, () Finally the mazurka
started. ( Start) .
,
' , , ,
'.
.

.
: The turkey carpet has rolled itself up and
retired sulkily under the sideboard... (Thackeray) -"
".
retire.
"",
, ..

.

, ,
, ,
: ,
() 'I wouldn't show myself to the
Princess for anything until my new uniform is ready.'

" " . ..

.
"Oxford Russian-English Dictionary": full-dress
uniform. ,
"". (I wouldn't
show myself... until my new full-dress uniform is ready),
,
, .
, , , ,
,
.
.



. ,
. ., ,
to take French leave " , ',
. partir a l'anglaise " -'. .
Dutch treat ", ,
, " ": 'Will you have lunch with me?' 'Sure, but I don't
want you to spend your money on me. Well go Dutch treat' (O'Hara) "
?

, .
".


. . .
', ' , goose
', ': ,
() They're all like that now, even that
silly goose Alexandra.


. , ,
, ,
" ".
(.. ,
, ,
, , .)
.

,
- . . : If I took
her to the Rectory, she would grow angry with us all and fly... (Thackeray)
" , ";

"... dear Miss Sharp, do sing it."

"Not now, Mr. Sedley," said Rebecca, with a sigh. "My spirits are not
equal to it" (Thackeray)

" ... , , .

, , ,
"; ! ,
() ' drowning or the knife', said Ragozhin at last.

she would grow angry with us
' '.

. spirits are not
equal to it ' '
: " ". ,
drowning ,
(' ' '').

.
, ,
:


? ,
() "Shouldn't we allow the hostess to
retire?" Totsky said, glancing at General Epanchin.

,
- , ,
"
": Inexpressible grief and pity and terror pursued him (Thackeray)

" , ".


:...
() ...one of the buttons on the executioner's coat is rusty.

,
:
,

The air raids came at dusk, and one by one the towns were
blacked out as air raid sirens wailed and anti-aircratt guns went into action;
"",

From Champs Elysees comes the scream of Le Figaro alerting the
French to the danger of recognized past-war European boundaries;

The workers insisted on higher wages and a shorter working week.

,
:
be rusty,
be blacked out,
recognized,

higher, shorter.



: , ,
() apologized saying that his watch
was fast. . . , be late.

,
( be nervous, be jealous .)
,
(, .). .
:

U n d e r s h a f t. Alone! How fortunate.
L a d y B r i t o m a r t r i s i n g. Don't be so sentimental, Andrew! (Shaw)
". ? .

(). , ".



,
. .:
don't be melodramatic :

'Don't be so melodramatic, Heien.'

'So I'm melodramatic, am I? Well, I'm not. I'm through with you.'

'No, you're not.' (Hemingway)

" , !

? .
.

, ".

- (I'm through with you)

( ).
,
: I`m through
, .


, (.
, grabbed): When she'd grabbed Angus Findhorn's
manuscript, her only intent was to read the book (Gordon) "

".

,
,
: She then walked through the front door of
Impy and Smithers; quickly down the stairs and out into the day (Gordon)

" " ",
".

. She walked... out into the day ,
.
day, ,
"".


, () , :
...but I'm a broken old man ruined by this damned scoundrel and a parcel
of swindling thieves in this country (Thackeray) " ,
...
". ,
(in this country),
, , ('
').


,
, . . "

nver" : ,
() Why, if I wasn't here, she'd have thrown
herself into the river long ago.


.
,
,
, .. ,
, ,
:
, , ,
() It was then that despair was born in my breast
not the despair that is cured with a pistol, but a cold impotent desperation
(. pistol).


, ,
,
, . .
, - (Madison Avenue),
,
: Many of the Madison Avenue stars were involved
in the presidential campaign
"" . . :
Fleet Street make or break a politician (Longman) "

"; What does Downing Street think? (Longman) "
?" ,
(Fleet Street)
, ,
- ,
.


,
, . , ,
,
:...and here Jephson thought of Mason let
him counteract that if he can (Dreiser) "
: - !"

counteract.
', ' ,
'' ,
. .
: ! () A threadbare witticism;
! ,
() "The plot thickens," I cried in
elation, "and we shall see to the denouement of the comedy."

(.. ,
) ,
. , threadbare
', '
', ' (. threadbare joke ' '). -
136


the plot thickens '
, '.


,
: "...Don`t be scared. You ain't worse then
the rest of us..." (Dreiser) " ... ,
"; When Rawdon and his wife wished to communicate with Captain
Dobbin at the sale, and to know the particulars of the catastrophe which had
befallen Rebecca's old acquaintance, the captain had vanished (Thackeray)
" ... ,
, ,
"; Everything was plentiful in his house but
ready money (Thackeray) " , ,
".

. "
" . ..
., . ,

(you aint n worse
then the rest of us).

() the captain had vanished '
'. , , -
, (.
' / ').

,
,
: , ,
- : ,
, ...and,
indeed, you n see the very soul of the military scribe peeping out: a desire
to throw caution to the winds and give full play to one's talent but the
military collar is drawn too tight around the neck. .
' , , '
throw
caution (prudence) to the winds ' , '.

" "
( ) ,

. . ,
(.. ) cradle
snatcher ( snatch rob the cradle):
: () Why, that's the sort of
thing Mr. Totsky would do: it's he who's the expert cradle snatcher.



:

?

, , -
()

"You didn`t meet anybody else at their place today, did you?"

"Yes, I did. There was an adjutant, a starched guardsman, and a lady, one
of the new arrivals."

, - ,
, ,
'',
- ', '.

,
, ,

,
:...and poor Sedley opened
his pent-up soul... (Thackeray) "... ...";
"I'm not the man to stand in my girl's light" (Dreiser) "
, ".
to stand in somebody's light
-.
,

(' -. ' ' -.').


: Who was the blundering idiot who said that "fine
words butter no parsnips"? (Thackeray) ,
" "?


.
.
, .. ,

, . ( .
[, 1984, 1011]): Don't think I don't appreciate what a Job it is to
keep this stockyard clean. It's the Augean stables every day of the week
(Updike) ", ,
. . "; His
was a voice in the wilderness. Mrs. Bunting ignored all protests (Greenwood)
" .
"; said she wore herseif out
cooking and washing for so many men, and "the game is not worth the
candle" (Prichard) " , , ,
".


,
.
le jeu ne vout pas la chandelle.

-
138


, ,
, ,
, .

(" ") :

!
() If one is afraid of wolves, one doesn't go
into a forest', Nastasya Philippovna observed with a smile;

"I`ll be damned if he isn`t stealing most of my thunder," thought Mason to
himself at this point (Dreiser) " ,
, ".

, ,
"".
,
.

,
. . ,
" ": She stared
out of the window, a world away (Gordon) " ,
".

,
: While the present
Century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June there drove up
to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton's academy for young ladies, on
Chiswick Mall, a large family coach... (Thackeray) "

,
, ...
".

in one's teens ' 13 19 '
(. teenager ', ').

: . ,
XIX .,
.
.
, -
, .

: ,
,
:

,
, , ?
() 'Bad business to get mixed up in this.'I said to Grigory
Alexandrovich s I caught him by the arm. 'Hadn't we better clear out as fast
as we can?'

' -


, - -. ' to get mixed up in
this .
,
. .
,
, :
:
() I consider that you have the same kind of
nature as I have we're as like as two peas. .
: I think your character is exactly like mine, and I'm glad of it like
two drops of water.

,
. , .

" ".
as like as two peas
( .. ). .
:
, , ? ,
! () But what's so surprising about the
appearance of the prince? It's as plain as pikestaff. It speaks for itself.

-
. ,
-
.
"
".
. ,
"": 1) ,

, 2) ,
[, 1966,
50].
, .


, -

. ,
,
! , I , ! .

(, )
.
-
. .
: Wie bald hat man hier den Wunsch, jemanden bei sich zu haben
How quickly do you get the wish not to be by yoursell.


B
jemanden bei sich zu haben ' -. '
to be by yourself '
'.


. , keep stiff
upper lip "- " A.B.
' ', ' ', ' '.
""
"" ' ', ' '.

. .
: I want you to keep a stiff upper lip, whatever happens
(Dreiser) " , , , "; 'You n
talk all you want', suggested Jephson genially, 'So long as you don't say
anything. And the stiff upper lip you know' (Dreiser) ",
, , .
".

, ,
(
) .

"",

,
: 'Not now, Mr. Sedley', said Rebecca
with a sigh (Thackeray) " , ,
". , now .

,
" ", ,
. , not now

. ( ), -,
: - .


" " it was not until...: It was not until the old
lady was ensconced in her usual armchair in the drawing-room... that the
conspirators thought it advisable to submit her to the Operation (Thackeray)
" ,
... , ".


. , ,
(
, .).
, (.. ),
, (..
) , . , ,
,, -


. .
: , ,
,
() "I did not wish to
meet you", I continued, "because you are surrounded by too great a crowd
of admirers and I was afraid it might engulf me completely."
, , ,
, ,
engulf,
.

,
,

( ) .


.
, -
(, )
( )
(VS)
(,
) (OVS, Adv VS):
.
Einen zweiten Schwerpunkt bildet die
Suche nach Wegen... Auf der Grundlage der bisherigen Darlegungen knnen
wir den Kommunikationsprozess etwa folgendermassen beschreben...

, i
,
.

,
[, 1976, 2438].
,
.
,
,
.

.. :
Die neuen Huser baut man bei uns sorgfaltiger und schneller;
Die neuen Huser
werden bei uns sorgfaltiger und schneller gebaut [Guchman, 1976, 28-29].

, ,
,
,
, .


, , -
142


.
, ,
-.
, (),
,

: Every hour and every
minute document the monstrous crimes committed by the imperialists
against the newly liberated peoples; The coming campaign must see the
smashing of the National Front vote.

,
"": -

,
. -
,
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
.


, ,
- , , ..

.
, :

(1) Bad weather brought Concorde-002 down on a sudden visit to
London's Heathrow Airport yesterday -
"-002"
.

(2) The fog stopped the traffic -
.

(3) Excitement made the sergeant's voice almost unrecogniz





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