, , 1960- , , (Ventura et al., 2000; Henshaw, 1998). - . 50% ; 50% (Alan Guttmucher Institute, 1994; Brooks-Gunn, Furstenberg, 1989; Sonenstein, 1987). 1988 380 15 19 ; 9 15 (Ventura et al., 2000). -, , , . - , .
. . , (Co-ley, Chase-Lansdale, 1998; Hechtman, 1989). , . , , . , , , , . , . , - . , , .
11. 511
(Fieding, Williams, 1991), , 1990- (NCHS, 2000). , (Dreyer, 1982), , . : , . , , (Goodchilds, Zellman, 1984; Morrison, 1985). , , . , , , , , (Fielding, Williams 1991).
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51 2 III.