4.4.1.
, . , , , :
= L / R, (4.16)
L .
, , , . , , , .
. :
U = w + i R + L di /dt; (4.17)
i = I + Jdw /dt. (4.18)
(4.17) R; (4.18) , R/ , , = L / R, = JR / ()2, :
U = w + i R + R di /dt; (4.19)
i = I + ( / R) dw /dt. (4.20)
, , = d /dt, :
1/R
i () = [ U() - w ()] ¾¾¾¾¾; (4.21)
1+
R /
w () =[ i() - I ()] ¾¾¾¾¾. (4.22)
(4.21), (4.22) , .4.10.
.4.10.
:
1/ R R/
w () = [ (U ()-w ()) ¾¾¾ + I] ¾¾¾. (4.23)
1 +
(4.23) :
1 / R / ( + 1)
w () = U() ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾ + I () ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾. (4.24)
2 + +1 2 + +1
(4.24) , I () = 0, , U()= 0.
(4.24) 2 + +1= 0 , . :
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1 Ö 1 4 ( / )
1,2 = - ¾¾ ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾. (4.25)
2 2
> 4, :
_____________
- 1 Ö 1 4 ( / )
1,2 = - a1,2 = ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾. (4.26)
2
< 4, :
1,2 = - a jW, (4.27)
1
a = ¾¾;
2
____________
Ö 4 ( / )- 1
W = ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾.
2
, , . , .
.
. , (4.24) I () = 0 U()= 0. , , , , :
w -w=¾¾ ((a2(w - w) + w)-a1t -(a1(w - w) + w) -a2t); (4.28)
a1-a2
a(w - w)+ w
w -w=-at ((w - w)cosW t + ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾ sinW t). (4.29)
W
(4.28) (4.29)
= i = J dw / dt.
.
.4.10 :
w () = (i() I()) R /; (4.30)
1/R
i() = (U() - w) ¾¾¾¾. (4.31)
1 +
:
dw R
¾¾ = (i - I) ¾¾¾¾; (4.32)
dt
di U - w 1
¾¾ = ¾¾¾¾¾ - ¾ i. (4.33)
dt R
(4.32), (4.33) , -, .
U I - . (4.32), (4.33) U I, - U = f(x) I = f (y).
, , , , t. .4.11 ( 1) ( 2) ; .4.11.
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.4.11.
: t < t dw /dt = 0, (4.33) :
di /dt = (U/ R) i / . (4.34)
(4.34) , , .
t > t (4.32), (4.33); , , , .
- , . . , . .4.12 ( 1), ( 2) .
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.4.12.
, , .
4.4.2.
. , , , , . , , , .
.
, , i :
= i, (4.35)
= / i ;
, i .
, (4.35), :
U = iR + L di/dt; (4.36)
U = i w + i R + L di /dt; (4.37)
i i = + Jdw /dt, (4.38)
U,R, L , .
, L / R = , :
di/dt = (U / R) i / ; (4.39)
di U iw 1
¾¾ = ¾¾¾¾¾ - ¾ i; (4.40)
dt R
dw
¾¾ = (i i - ) /J; (4.41)
dt
, , .
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(4.39) (4.41) - . , .
.4.13 1. (4.39) (4.41) , .4.13.
) )
.4.13.
, , , .
. (4.39) - (4.41) , U() = 0, :
1 / R
I() = U () ¾¾¾¾; (4.42)
1+
1 / R
i() = i()w () ¾¾¾¾; (4.43)
1+
w () = (i() i() ()) / J. (4.44)
(4.42) (4.44) , .4.14.
.4.14.
, w () i(), , . , , w () i(), , .4.14, .
4.4.3.
[1]. , - . , , .
( 1) ( 2) , .4.15.
.4.15 , , , . .
, , , , , , , , , .
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.4.15.
, .
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, . , , . , , . , : , . . , . , .
- .
. , , . 5000 , , (.), ..