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ѣ , .

, ѣ, ѣ ѣ ѣ . , Hie ѣ ѣ . ѣ , ѣ . ѣ -


, . , ѣ ѣ , , , , , , , ѣ , ѣ , XIX XX ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ . ѣ , ѣ , ѣ ѣ .

ѣ , ѣ . ѣ . , , ѣ ѣ ѣ .

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, " .

ѣ ѣ : ѣ. * ; ѣ ѣ ѣ . . ѣ .. . , , l'événement.

ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ. , ѣ, , ѣ ѣ , .

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:

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ѣ . ѣ , ѣ ; . , , ѣ ѣ . ѣ ѣ ѣ , , ѣ , ѣ , .

- , . ѣ , ѣ 1914-1918 . . , ѣ ѣ. ѣ ѣ Russian Army in the World War, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 45.

ѣ ѣ -

45) Yale University Press. New-Haven. Connecticut. USA. 1931.


, 46. , . . - , ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ . , ѣ ѣѣ . ѣ , , .

, ѣ, ѣ ѣ ѣ -

46) , (La désintégration de l'Armée Russe en 1917) - ѣ ѣ ѣ 1937 .

ѣ , ѣ , ѣ . ѣ , ѣ.


, ѣ.

, ѣ ѣѣ, . , ѣ .

, , ѣ, ѣ , ѣ ^ . , ѣ , , ѣ. ѣ, ѣ . ѣ: , ; , .

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ѣ, ѣ, , . ѣ , . . . , : ѣ \ . , . , , , ѣ ѣ , , . ѣ : , ѣ 1914 , ѣ, ѣ , ѣ ѣ ѣ.

, ѣ ѣ , .


ѣ , . . , ѣ , , , , , (), .

ѣ, , , , ѣ. , , , ѣ , , , ѣ .


IV.

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ѣѣ , ѣ ѣ ѣ, . , , ѣ .

, , , ѣ ̳ -


ѣ. ѣ . . , ѣ , ѣ , ѣ: ѣ ѣ , ѣ , ѣ ѣ . ѣ ѣ , - ѣ. , ( ѣ ) , . , , , ѣ, ѣ . ѣ (ѣ ) , , , ѣѣ ѣ . , . . . , -


ѣ , , ѣ, ѣ . . , 184748 . ., . 1866 1870 . . ѣ ѣ, ѣ - ѣ ѣ II, ѣ , ѣ . , , ѣ ^. . - . , ѣ1. ѣ ѣ, ѣ ѣ -

1) Otto Bemdt ; Der Zahl im Kriege. Statistische Daten aus der neueren Kriegsgeschichte in graphischer Darstellung. Wien. 1897. Verlag von G. Freintag und Berndt.


. . ѣ, ѣ , ѣ - : . , , , .

ѣ ղ- ѣ. , ѣ , , ѣ , ѣ ѣ . ѣ . ѣ ѣ , ѣ ѣ ѣ .

ѣ ; ѣ, ѣ , . , , , ѣ ѣ ѣ.

66- , ( )


ѣ XIX ѣ, .

, Otto , ѣ 25%. . , ѣ, ѣ , , . 1757 : ѣ , . , ѣ , -, , 2.

ѣ 1809 . , ѣ , , , ѣ ѣ, ѣ

2) . . . 2- ѣ , . 31, . , , 1911 .


, , ѣ ѣ, ѣ , ѣ ѣ .

, XVIII XIX ѣ ѣ , , ѣ ѣѣ, 25%.

ѣ ѣ , ѣ ѣ! , ѣ , ѣѣ, ѣ ; ѣ ѣ , a ѣ . , .

ѣ ѣ, Otto : ѣ , , ѣ , ѣ ѣ

3) ѣ , , . 21.


( ѣ 14% 19%, 12% 19%). XIX ѣ, ѣ ѣ . - 1870-71 . . % ѣ ѣ (ѣ 10%, 9%). 1866 . 7:9, , , 1859 . (8% ѣ 82 ѣ). , ѣ , , , ѣ , ѣѣ , ѣ.

ѣ , ѣ, , ѣ ѣ , . . ѣ ѣ ѣ -


, , ѣ...

, ѣ , ѣ . , ѣ , , , ( ), ..... ѣ

, a ѣ, .

ѣ ѣ ѣ , ѣ , . ѣ . . ѣѣ , ѣ ѣ , ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ ; ѣ


, ѣ .

, ѣѣ . , . , ѣ % , , . , , . ѣ: - 1870-71 . ., , ( ѣ ) % ѣ 1/?; , ѣ , 3-. 1848-49 . . . % , : 1/^. ѣ .

,


ѣ : ѣ % ...

, , ѣ , . ѣ ѣ ѣ . , ѣ ѣ , : 43%, 43%, 15%, () 28%, 24%, 31%, 18%, 24%, 28%, 28%, 17%, . . , ѣ, ѣ ѣ . 2%, 4 1.2%, 2,2%, 5%... ѣ ѣ, , ѣ ѣ 5.

4) 1848 .

5) . . 151, 152.


2. 1618 1905 . .

^, , , , ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ. 6. ѣ ѣ 1618 . 1905 . . ѣ ( ѣ ), ѣ ѣ 7 ѣ ѣ 1000 ѣ 500 . 1700 .

ѣ , 8. ѣ , ѣ , ѣ , ѣ ...

6) Dr. Gaston Bodart: Militaer - historißches Kriegs-Lexicon (1618-1905). Wien und Leipzig, 1908. Verlag W. Stern.

7) . . , ѣ ѣ.

8) . 33-44.


. , ѣ . - ѣ : , ѣ . ѣ ...

, ѣ ѣ , . , ѣ , ѣ , , ѣ ѣ ...

ѣ ѣ , . . , ѣ ѣ . ѣ ѣ , -


, .

, . . ѣ ѣ ѣ . , ѣ. , ѣ , ѣ ѣ , , ѣ. ѣ , , ѣ .

ѣ , ѣ , ѣ ѣ , , . ., 1618 . ; ѣ, ѣ , ѣ.

. , XVII XVI ѣ, ѣ -


. ѣѣ ѣ . ѣ ѣ , . ; , ѣ ѣ. ѣ" ; ѣ , ѣ, ѣ ѣ ѣ .

ѣ ѣ ѣ .

ѣ ѣ ѣ - , . ѣ . , ѣ (1815 1905 . .) ѣ .

ѣ, ѣ , -


, 1815 ., 1500. ѣ ѣ, XVIII ѣ ѣ. XVII ѣ, ѣ , ѣ 30-ѣ , XIV ѣ , , ѣ .

... , , ѣ , , (1792-1801 . .) (1805-1815 . .) , ѣ ѣ , . , . ѣ 1792-1815 . . ѣ , ѣ , ѣ .

ѣ A. Martinien: Tableaux


des officiere tués ou blessés pendant les guerres de 1805 à 1815.

1805-1815 . . ѣ 60.000 .

, ѣѣ , ; , , , ѣѣ .

, 100 ѣ , ѣ ѣѣ .

, ѣѣ . ѣ , : 2- 1805 ., 22-23 1809 ., 5-6 1809 . : 14 605 -; 22 905 -;


42 1762 -. : 6.800, 42.000, 23.000. ѣ, , : 9,5%, 2,4%, 8%. .

, ѣ, , ѣ ѣ ( ѣ ). ѣ , ѣ / , , , 1805 . ѣ . , . ѣ , , ѣ , , 5-6 % -


; ѣ ѣ . , , , 10.000 ѣ. ѣ 15%, , .

, , . ѣ ѣ ѣ, ѣ , ; , , ѣ (750 20.000 )...

...ѣ , ѣ ѣ , , 5-6 % . 30.000, ѣ 23.000.

ѣ -


ѣ ѣ . . (2,4%) . , , ѣ , , ѣ 1805, 1806, 1807 1808 . .? ѣ , (5%-6%), a ѣ, 42.000 . , , , ѣ ѣ. ѣ, , ѣ . . , , (23.000).

^ ѣ , ѣ ѣ


ѣ ѣ ѣ . , , - , 1643 1805 . . 1815 1896 . . , ѣ - ѣ .

, , , . ѣ, ѣ, .

ѣ . ѣ ѣ ѣ.

ѣ ѣ , ѣ ѣ (- 1904-1905 . .) ѣ .

30 ѣ XVI ѣ , , , ѣ ѣ 10%, ѣ 40%. -


, ѣ. Ѵ- ѣ , , , - (, ). ѣ , ѣ. , , . .

( ѣ 25%) , , a , ѣ, ѣ . (1524-25 . .) ; ѣ , , ..

30 ѣ ѣ (1618-1648 . .) ѣ 15% ѣ 30%. ,


, ѣ.

ѣ XIV. ѣ . , ѣ, (13 1704 .) ѣ 15.000 15.000 ѣ. (1648-1715 . .) ѣ ѣ 11%, ѣ 23%.

ѣ (1700-1721 . .) ѣ (1732-1733 . .) ѣ . ѣ , , , , ѣ 11% ѣ 17%. ѣ ( 5- 1757 ., 5- 1757 .).

. (17921801 . .) ; ѣ 9%, ѣ 16%. (1805-1815 . .) ѣ XIV. ѣ


15%, a ѣ 20%. ѣ ѣ XIX ѣ, ѣ- ѣ. , , ѣ , . ѣ , ( 15,3%, 25%, 31,4% 9, 29% 10, 20%, 44% , -27%12, 30%13).

... ѣ ѣ , ѣ . ѣ

9) . (. . . .).

10) . (. . . .).

) . (. . . .).

12) . (. . . .).

13) . (. . . .).


- 1828-1829 . ., - 1830-31 . ., C-fe - 1861-65 . ., 14%; - 1848-49 . ., , , ѣ 4%; (1853-56 . .)  12%. % : 1859 . 9,5%, 1866 . 8%. - 1870-71 . . ( 20 ) 7,5%. - 1877-78 . . 14%, - 5%.

- (19041905 . .) ѣ ѣ , ѣ ѣ 12%, a ѣ 16%. ѣ, ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ , , ѣ , ѣ Ѵ, ѣ ѣ . -


140.000, ѣ ѣ (610.000)....

ѣ . . ѣ , , , (% ) 14 , ѣ , % 1.

, 1897 , ѣ. ѣ .

. , ѣ ѣ , , ѣ, ѣ .

. . , ѣ ѣ , ѣ -

14) Der Zahl im Kriege. 15) , . 159.


, ѣѣ . 16 ѣ 1870 1914 . ѣ ѣ ѣ , . ѣ 1914 1870 . 1870 ( , ѣ ѣ ): , ; , ³, . 1914 ( ), ( ), 3- . . : . , ѣ ѣ , , , ѣ , ѣ ѣ .

82 , ѣ . ,

16) Militaer Wochenblatt, 15, 1937. Seiten 903-908. Die Verluste unserer Infanterie in den Erst-Schlachten 1870 und 1914, von General-Leut. a. D. Marks.


ѣ ѣ, (ѣ , ѣ , ), ѣ , XIX ѣ.

, , ѣ .

, 84 1870 1914 : - , ѣ, 44% ѣ, 1914 25Vi . 1914 1870 ...

ѣ ѣ . ѣ , .

, ѣ 1870 530 ѣ, 1914 300. .


. , , ѣ ѣ.

, , , 1914 ( ѣ ), ѣ ѣ , . , , , ѣ 340, ѣ 300 ѣ. ѣ ѣ , 6 84, ѣ ѣ ѣ .

, 1914 ѣ , ѣ 1870 .

. . ѣ , , , ѣ 17, ѣ : , ѣ

17) ѣ ( 1937 .). . . . . . . .


s

XIX ѣ. , ѣ , ѣ, ѣ ѣ. ѣ .

ѣ, ѣ, ѣ . , ѣ . ѣ , , ѣ ѣ, ѣ .

, , ѣ ѣ . ѣ , a ѣ, ѣ .

ѣ.

ѣ, Otto ѣ -


: 78 (ѣ XIX ѣ) ; 73 40 ѣ ѣ , 33 ѣ18.

XVII, XVIII XIX ѣ, ѣ . 201 , ѣ , 10 ; 191 97 ѣ ѣ. , 94 ѣ 19.

, ѣ , , . ѣ .

ѣ ѣ ѣ ѣ , . ѣ . ѣ ѣ ѣ, . .

18) Der Zahl im Kriege, S. 143, 144.

19) Kriege - Lexicon, S. 821, 822.


, .

, ѣ ѣ , ; , , ѣ (ѣ , a ѣ XIX ѣ - ), 1618 1905 .

, ѣ , ѣ, ѣ. ѣ - ѣ, : ѣ, ѣ , , ѣ ѣ 10.000.

ѣ , ѣ , ѣ ѣ , . , , -


, , ѣ .

3. ѣ.

ѣ ̳ . .

- , , ѣ The Russian Army in the World War20. ѣ , ѣ , , ѣ.

, ѣ . , ѣ, ѣ, . -

20) New-Hawen; Yale University Press. London: Humphrey Milford: Oxford University Press. For the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Division of Economics and History. 1931.


, , , . , ѣѣ , ѣ, , ѣѣ ѣѣ . ѣѣ , . ѣ 1916 . : ѣ ѣ , , ѣѣ ѣ . ѣ ѣ , :

ѣ ............ 2.127.000

............ 1.651.000

- ........ 3.640.000

............ 851.000

........ 8.269.000

ѣѣ, ѣ. 1- 1916 .:

m


ѣ ѣ.......... 1.808.000

ѣ.......... 1.553.000

- ѣ...... 2.439.000

.......... 391.000

........ 6.191.000

, ѣѣ, 2.078.000 , .21

ѣ ѣ ѣ 30- 1917 ѣ ѣ ѣѣ ' . ѣ , ѣѣ ѣ ..

ѣ ѣ ѣ 20- ѣ (3- ), 1917 , . , ѣ

21) ѣ ѣ 1914-1920 . .. 1-, . 136.


9.050.924. 2.200.000 " ѣ , .

ѣ ѣ ѣ .

ѣ ѣ 1914-17 . ., . . . , , ѣ 22: , , . . , , , ѣ ѣ, ѣ, , ѣ .

, , ѣ. , ѣѣ , ѣ ѣ





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