- , . , , - , -ed ( ) -ing.
, , , - : She wants to rest , We decided to stay , They will learn to dance , The boy has come to play .
, to - . , , - , her desire to rest , our decision to stay .., , . , : water to drink , the man to deal with () , , a problem to solve , .
-ed ( ) , , : a published document , educated people , faded flowers , lost property .
, (a recently published document , highly educated people , irretrievably lost property ), (a document published yesterday , , property lost in the flood , ).
, , , un- (unpublished , uneducated , unused ).
-ed -ing - , , . , : He sits reading a newspaper ;The army retreated fighting ().
|
|
- : We preferred staying ; The boy knocked before entering the room and apologized for bothering me , , , . -ing to, (We preferred to stay), -ing (entering bothering) ( before for), .
-ing (dancing girls ) (dancing lessons ). , (girls dancing in the park ).
, . , John promised to tell me the whole truth : John promised + John will tell me the whole truth . , John promised, tell . tell me the whole truth, , , . tell to, John, promised, will, - , .
, , , . , , seem . , , , : John seems happy . , , : , , , . , seem to: John seems to know Alice , , . , , (Alice seems to have met him , , ), (He seems to be waiting for her , , ) (They seemed to have been waiting for him , , ), , , , (The incident seemed to be forgotten , , ).
, , , , , , , , . seem, , , . , , : John is said to work very hard , , ; Alice was expected to leave for London , .
|
|
, . , , , . , , John wants to come , : , John - wants to come . , John wants , - , Peter - to come . - (, ), : , . , , , - .
John wants to come Peter to come, - : John wants Peter to come. , - , .
John wants Peter to come wants to come, Peter to come, . , , , - , , , , . Peter to come , () ( ), , ( ) , to come Peter want , .
, - (, Peter comes), (Peter to come). Peter / he + comes (came, will come), , , , - ( -s), .
|
|
. , -ing -ed. (for) Peter / him + (to) come, . , , - for (They want me to leave , ; For me to leave is out of the question , , ),to (They saw me leave , ).
-ed ( ) - Peter / him + elected , , : People want him elected , ; She ordered the house painted , ; Their task accomplished, the explorers left , .
-ing : Peter / him + coming, - , , Peter's / his + coming, , . -ing , : We insist on him / his coming at once , ; Nobody is against John('s) being awarded the prize , .
, , , . , , , .
, . . , , that (We know that ) (We know that man ), (We know that he is coming , ) (We know the man that is coming , ). before (We met him before ), (before the conference , ), (before he spoke at the conference , ); after since.
, , , , , , , , what, who, which, where, before, after: We liked what we saw , ; I found the book where I had left it , ).
, , , . , We liked what we saw what we saw We liked the picture . that - . , We know (that) he will study , We know the problem (that) he will study , , , - - he will, , that : - , - .
|
|
, , . - to, -ing: To ask / Asking them for help is no use . , (For John to ask / John's asking them for help is no use ), (That they knew the truth soon became evident , , ; Whether they knew the truth remained uncertain , ). , it, , , , : It is no use for John to ask / John's asking them for help. It soon became evident that they knew the truth. It remained uncertain whether they knew the truth.
- - , , , . - , . , , , . , .
, set establish , . , : establish , set, , , , , (a chess set ), , (set time ). , set , , , (set aside , set back , set down , set in , set off , set out , set up ), establish . , - establish , , , set : , , , (), (), (, ), (), (), ( ) .
, . : , . , set, , , , establish - , , . , , . set , - , establish , , , (, unsatisfactory , incomprehensibility ).
|
|
- set , establish , . , , , , , , concentration , equivalent , , , - . , revolution - , , ; concurrent - , , , concurrent opinions - , , .
, - establish. set, , , .
. - . , , , bus , , ; air , , ; mouse , , , , , pocket , , ; telephone , , . , - . , act , , , (actor , , action , active , ) : - , - . , , , . , experience , experiment , , , , , , -ence -ment, , , , , .