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The Article with place names (names of buildings, ships, etc.)




Category No article The Exceptions
airports, railway stations and other two-word names the first word of which is the name of a person or place Kennedy Airport, Heathrow, Gatwick Airport, Victoria Station, Kings Cross Station, Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace    
mosthotels But:Claridges Browns Hotel theHilton (hotel) the Ritz, the Plaza hotel, the Carlton  
banks Lloyds Bank Barclays Bank the bank of England  
shops Harrods, Selfridges, Marks and Spencers    
restaurants, pubs Maxims,Macdonalds, Luigis Italian Restaurant, Leonis(restaurant) Emmas pub theRed Lion (pub) the Café Royal  
cinemas, theatres, concert halls   the Odeon, the Globe, the Coliseum (theatre), the National Theatre, the Carnegie Hall  
museums, art galleries, monuments   thePrado, the Louvre, the British Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, the Tate Gallery, the Lincoln Memorial, the Washington Monument, theTrevi Fountain, theColosseum  
hospitals Guys (hospital) the London Hospital  
schools, colleges, universities Manchester Grammar School, Carnegie College, Bristol University, Cambridge University, Oxford University, Kyiv National Economic University theUniversity ofTexas  
organisations   Usually no article is used if the abbreviation is pronounced as a word: NATO, OPEC ['oupk] theUN, the BBC, the EU= the European Union, theLabour Party the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries  
most of political and governmental institutions   theSenate, the Cabinet, the Ministry, theBunderstag, the Supreme Court, theBritish Parliament Parliament, Congress, Kent County Council, Leeds City Council
most companies and firms General Motors, Sony, Nissan, Shell, IBM, KLM    
churches, cathedrals, abbeys St Johns Church, St Pauls Cathedral Westminster Abbey   theDomincan Abbey
names ofbuildings with of   theHouses of Parliament, the Tower of London, the Great Wall of China, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Palace of Versalles, the Federal Bureau of Investigation  
zoos London zoo    
parks and squares Hyde park, Trafalgar Square, George Square    
ships   the Titanic, the Mary Rose, the Discovery  

the
䳿 the French Revolution, the Stone Age Roman Britain, Post-War Germany
, , the Bible, the Odyssey, the Graduate, the Great Charter Jaws
, , the Times, the Economist (the press, the radio, the television) Pravda, Korrespondent, Life, Time
, the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Beatles uranDuran, DepecheMode
to play the piano/the violin/the guitar, to dance the tango. Thisisthe 1979 recording. with Ellison on bass guitar

 

 

, ,

 

Belgium Belgian a Belgian theBelgians Dutch, French, German
Britain / England / Great Britain / the UK British / English a Brition a Brit a Britisher anEnglishman (Englishwoman) the British Britions Britisher the English Englishmen English
Chile Chilean a Chilean theChileans Spanish
Cyprus Cyprian a Cypriote theCyprians Greek, Turkish
Denmark Danish a Dane theDanish / (the) Danes Danish
Finland Finnish a Finn theFinnish / Finns Finnish
France French a Frenchman a Frenchwoman theFrench / Frenchmen French
Holland / theNetherlands Dutch a Dutchman a Dutchwoman theDutch / Dutchmen Dutch
Iraq (Irak) Iraqi anIraqi theIraqi Arabic / Kurdish
Israel Israeli anIsraeli theIsraelis Hebrew
thePhilippines Filipino a Filipino (the) Filipinos Filipino (Tagalog)
Poland Polish a Pole (the) Poles Polish
Russia Russian a Russian (the) Russians Russian
Scotland Scottish / Scotch a Scot / a Scotsman (Scotswoman) (the) Scots Scottish
Spain Spanish a Spaniard (a Spanish woman) the Spanish Spanish
the Sudan Sudanese / Sudani a Sudanese / a Sudani the Sudanese / the Sudani Arabic
Sweden Swedish a Swede the Swedish / (the) Swedes Swedish
Switzerland Swiss a Swiss the Swiss German, French, Italian
Thailand Thai a Thai the Thais Thai
Turkey Turkish a Turk (the) Turks Turkish
Ukraine Ukrainian a Ukrainian (the) Ukrainians Ukrainian
the USA / America American an American (the) Americans English
Zimbabwe Zimbabwean the Zimbabwean the Zimbabwean English

 

 

, , , , ,

 

The
˳
Monday is always a bad day. It was a very hectic Monday The Monday you are speaking about was tiring.
We'll wait till night and then call the police. I could never imagine such an awful night. We stayed at the motel for the night.
We get good crops of apples in autumn. We are having a wonderful autumn this year. The autumn in Colorado was long and wet.
at dawn, at midnight, before morning, by day, in winter, on Tuesday, on New Year's day, in March, every other day, day after day, from morning till night next week, last year in a day a week from today a fortnightfromtomorrow in th evening, in the morning, the other morning, the day after tomorrow, the following day, the year after next, in the past, in the future, in the end, in the 19th century, in the holidays, at the moment
   
The
˳
Dinner is served.   Let's have lunch.   That was a very nice dinner. We had a late lunch. Soon the dinner was served. I was not invited to the formal dinner.
  : to have a meal to have a drink to have a snack  
  , , : We met him at a public dinner.  
  He couldn't afford in a cheap cafe.  

 

 

A The
GeorgeBush PresidentBush 쒿: He was a Bush and wanted to become president. 쒿: The Bushes are coming to this dinner.
: There are many Wilsons, Smiths and Browns in England. ( )    
MrSmith Linda : A Mr Smith left a message for you. A Lindacalled. : Hes the Smith I met last night. Linda at 45 was still the Linda of 20.
David Beckham Alice in Wonderland , : Jack plays football well, but hell never be a Beckham. She felt like an Alice in Wonderland.  
SalvadorDali ChristianDior : The art dealer agreed to buy a Dali. She wants to wear a Dior this time.  
bed, hospital, church, school, class, college, court, market, prison, university
A/The
My father is in hospital () He was taken to hospital after the heart attack. ( ) I saw my father in the hospital. () This is a new hospital. ()
The children are in school now, and my mother is in church. Its an old school. Theres a meeting at the school at 7 ocloc.
  : at a/the office/factory, cathedral, mosque

 

 

 

A The
dz, , : president, head, author, minister
D.H. Lawrence, an author from Nottingham, wrote a book called Lady Chatterleys Lover. () My friend, a dentist, works long hours. D.H. Lawrence, the author of Lady Chatterleys Lover, died in 1930. () Miss Hicks, the supervising nurse, is coming to see you. D.H. Lawrence, author of Lady Chatterleys Lover, died in 1930. () Mrs Banks, Head of Logistics, is from Toronto.
  : The prime minister is fond of dogs. ( , ) Mr Blair, prime minister of England, has arrived in Paris.
  the painter Rubens the playwright Pinter the calculating Becky the Emperor Napoleon : Queen Anne Pope Benedict President Lincoln DoctorHouse
    , , : HecametoKyivwhenhewasMinisterofDefense.

 

 

A The
from from memory from day to day fromscratch from the cradle from the stable fromthewordgo
in in a mess in a minute in a whisper in debt in tears in comfort in the egg in the end inthe couds
on on a bet on a diet on a leash on time on strike on reflection on the hour on the radio ontheway
with with a nod with a heavy heart with a bounce with smiles with good grace with kid gloves with the word with the colors withtheexceptionof
like like a dream like a brother like a king like beans, like show business, like clock-work likethewind
as as brave as a lion as fit as a fiddle as mad as a hatter as good as gold as hard as nails assafeashouses as the crow files as good as the first time  
by by a majority by a hair by a closeshave by post by degrees by credit card by the way by the head and ears bythedozen
at at a profit at a glance at a momentsnotice at sea at first hand at pains at the cross-roads at the moment attheweekend
for for a walk for a change for a rainyday for sale for fun for starters for the record for the rest for the time being

 

 

A/TheNoun + of + Noun

 

a bit of chalk two bits of chalk a roll of paper a can of beer a kilo of sugar a grain of rice
an item of news some items of news a branch of knowledge a period of calm a piece of research a vase of flower
dz a book of stamps ten books of stamps a cartoon of cigarettes a box of matches a tin of sardines a vase of flowers
a game of football- many games of football a game of chess a game of billiards
a pair of gloves two pairs of gloves a pair of jeans a pair of skates
, , - a type of cloth some types of cloth a brand of soap a sort of cake a species of insect a kind of friendship

 

 

 

( )

:

, :

Complexproblemshavesimple, easytounderstand, wronganswers.(Grossman'sMisquote)

, ( ), my, his, her, its, our, your, their; this, that, these, those; some, any, much, many, little, few, each, every, either, neither; what? which? whose? :

WhenIfirstsawyouwithyoursmilesotender, myheartwascaptured, mysoulsurrendered. (ElvisPresley, It'sNowOrNever.)

, :

Elephantsaretheonlyanimalsthatcan'tjump.

- -, :

Friendsarethievesoftime. (Proverb)

what :

Whatnastyweather!

such, quite, rather:

WhywasIbornwithsuchcontemporaries? (OscarWilde)

, :

Informationisnotknowledge. Knowledge is not wisdom. Wisdom is not truth. Truth is not beauty. Beauty is not love. Love is not music. Music is the Best. (FrankZappa)

( , ): BennyHill, AlbertEinstein

: Canada ( theNetherlands, theArgentine ( Argentina); : London ( theHague); : Whitehall (: theStrand, theHighStreet, theMall, theLondonroad); : TrafalgarSquare; : WaterlooBridge, (: theGoldenGateBridge, theBridgeofSighs); : HidePark, CentralPark; : VictoriaStation, WaterlooStation; : Africa, Asia, Europe; : Everest, MontBlanc; , lake: LakeErie, LakeGeneva; : Corsica,Elba.

:

I am fond of football.

, , , :

"HusbandandCatLost... RewardforCat"

, , ( , ): onMonday, atChristmas.

, , , i : CaptainSmith, ProfessorBrown, PrinceCharles, DoctorWhite, QueenElisabeth, Mr. Rogers.

: Good morning, doctor.

, 쒿, , : UncleTom, CousinDick.

WhereisDad? Heisupstairs.

- - , , , toappoint, toelect, tomake:

Mr. Smithwasappointedheadofmarketingdepartment.

, 쒿 , :

Mary, daughterofamayor, worksatourcollege.

, little, old, young, dear, poor, honest:

Little Eddie was bent over his deskwriting an exercise when the teacher came up to him.

: History, Geography.

, language: English ( theEnglishlanguage).

: breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner, supper, , :

Therearetwothingsyoucannevereatforbreakfast. Theyare lunch and dinner.

, , University: LondonUniversity, OxfordUniversity, TrinityCollege.

: scarletfever, cancer, diabetes, pneumonia ( (the) flu, (the) measles, (the) mumps). , , : a headache, a sore throat, a cold, ( US a toothache, an earache, a backache).

bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school, college, university, , , . , the:

ThankgoodnessIwasneversenttoschool; itwouldhaverubbedoffsomeoftheoriginality. (BeatrixPotter)

One of the most adventurous things left us is to go to bed. For no one can lay a hand on our dreams. (E.V.Lucas)

work ( ):

He goes to work early in the morning.

:

I've been on a diet for two weeks and all I've lost is two weeks. (TotieFields)

, , the:

The secret of a good sermon is to have a good beginning and a good ending; and have the two as close together as possible. (George Burns)

 

 

̲

DETERMINERS

 

the, his, that ., : the countryside; your friend; that young girl; one hundred US dollars; some paper.

, :

(demonstratives) this, that, these, those;

(possessives) my, your(s), his, her(s), its, our(s), their(s);

(quantifiers) (a) few), (a) little, many, much, some, any, etc.;

(numerals) one, two, three, etc.

 

: , , .

Where is my book? Its on the desk. But dont take this book because I need it. → my, the this , (book) (desk) .

There were a few calls for you. I told the callers that you would be back in two hours. → a few two , (callers), (hours).

 

, .

 

²Ͳ

POSSESSIVES

 

my, your, his, her, its, our, their, ones whose .

Can I have your phone number, please?

She told me her name.

Its easy to lose ones temper when one is criticized.

Whose book is this?

 

, .

Jane has left her umbrella at the department store. (NOT the her umbrella)

 

, , 䳺 hit, kiss, punch, slap, bite, touch, pat, sting .

I was stung on the arm by a wasp.

Dad patted the dog on the head.

: Jack broke his leg playing ice-hockey.

 

mine, his, hers, its, ours theirs , , .

:

Thats her bag. This bag is hers.

Can I borrow your pen? I cant find mine.

 

of + of + :

a flat of theirs; that new idea of hers.

Is that student your friend? = Is that student a friend of yours?

 

DzͲ

DEMONSTRATIVES

 

this/these/that/those , , . This (sing)/ these (pl) , ; that (sing)/ those (pl) , .

Do you like this dress? I bought it yesterday.

All the time I was in that country I felt bored.

 

this/these, 䳿 that/those, 䳿 .

Do you remember that winter we went to France?

These new projects seem to be promising for our company.

 

this/these/that/those : this / these , that / those .

Tell me about these new neighbours of yours.

Ive never liked those new neighbours of yours.

 

this/these/that/those , .

I liked the shoes we saw yesterday, but these are fantastic!

 

this/these/that/those .

This is my room. Come in, please.

 

this/that : this , that , .

Hello. This is Jane. Is that Nick?

 

ʲʲͲ

QUANTIFIERS

 

some, any, no, many, much, a lot (of), (a) few, (a) little, most, all, both,none, either, neither, each, every, (an)other, .

 

Some/any/no

 

Some any . Some , , .

I need some water.

Would you like some water?

Have you got some water? : Have you got any water here?

 

:

Some + → ( ).

There must be some mistake.

Some + → .

There is some milk left.

Some + → , .

Have some more vegetables.

 

Any not (hardly, never, without, seldom, rarely) .

 

Is there any water in that can?

Unfortunately, there are nt any tickets for the show left.

You never give me any help.

 

Any -, , .

You can take any bus. All go that direction.

 

No not any, .

Sorry, I cant do it for you. I have no time. (. I have nt got any time.)

 

 

Many/much/a lot (lots) of/ (a) few/ (a) little

 

Many/much/alot (lots) of, .

 

Many + ( ).

Many people hunt wild animals for sport.

 

Much + .

Much damage has been caused by the recent fire.

 

A lot of/lots of + ( )

We saw a lot of / lots of places of interest and took a lot of / lots of photos.

There was a lot of / lots of rain last month.

 

() few/(a) little , .

A few (of) + →.

We stayed a few days in Madrid and visited the Prado and some other museums.

A few of our students visited that conference.

 

Few (of) + → , .

Few of the relatives knew the truth.

 

A little (of) + → .

She drank only some tea and ate a little bread.

 

Little (of) + → , .

Hurry up, weve got little time left!

 

All (of)/most (of)

 

All (of the) + → .

People were coming from all directions.

All (of the) + → , , .

All wool tends to shrink when washed in hot water.

He has worked hard all year.

 

Most + → ().

Most students realize the importance of learning foreign languages.

 

Most of the + → ( ).

Most of the students in our group speak good English.

 

Every/each

 

Every , . every all.

We enjoyed every minute of our stay in Paris.

Each , .

Each student was given their own email address.

:

Each person in turn went to see the doctor. He gave every patient the same medicine.

 

Another/the other/other

 

Another + → , , ( ).

Would you like another cup of coffee?

 

The other + → ( ), .

The bank is on the other side of the street.

 

Other + → , .

I cant see you now. Some other time, maybe.

 

Other + → , .

This sweater is too big for me. Do you have it in other sizes?

 

The other + → .

Five of us went on a mountaineering expedition while the other sportsmen were staying in the camp.

 

, , , ., another.

We had another five miles to drive.

Could you give me another two days to think over your proposal?

:

Each other = one another → .

 

Every other → .

They visit us every other week.

 

The other day → , .

I ran into Tim while shopping the other day.

 

On the other hand → .

On the one hand, he would like to have this job; on the other hand, he doesnt want to move to another city.

 

The other way round/around → () .

I found him, not the other way round.

 





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