| Past Simple | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Past Perfect Continuous |
| V-ed/2* + I/we/you/he/she/it/they waited I/we/you/he/she/it/they went - I/we/you/he/she/it/they did not (didnt) wait I/we/you/he/she/it/they did not (didnt) go ? Did I/we/ you/he/she/it/they wait? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Did I/we/ you/he/she/it/they go? Yes, theydid. No, they didnt. | was + V-ing were + I/he/she/it was waiting We/you/they were waiting - I he/she/it was not (wasnt) waiting We/you/they were not (werent) waiting ? Was I/he/she/it waiting? Were I/we/you/they waiting? Yes, Iwas. No, I wasnt. Yes, we were. No, we werent. | had + V-ed/3* + I/we/you/he/she/it/they had reported I/we/you/he/she/it/they had written - I/we/you/he/she/it/they had not (hadnt) reported I/we/you/he/she/it/they had not/hadnt written ? Had I/we/you/he/she/it/they reported?Yes, I had. No, hadnt. Had I/we/you/he/she/it/they written? Yes, I had. No, I hadnt. | had + been + V-ing + I/we/you/he/she/it/they had been reporting - I/we/you/he/she/it/they had not (hadnt) been reporting ? Had I/we/you/he/she/it/they been reporting? Yes, I had. No, I hadnt. |
| Past Simple | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Last summer Jacob visited his friend in Florida. They had a very good time together. | It was early spring morning. Rachel was sitting in a pavement café and enjoying her first cup of strong coffee. | By the time Mathew arrived, the lecture hadalready started, and the professor had outlinedthe planof their work. | Rachel had been training for six months before she got a promotion. |
| Did Jacob visit his friend in winter? - No, he didnt. Did they have a good time together? -Yes, they did. | Was Rachel sitting in her kitchen? - No, she wasnt. Was she enjoying her first cup of coffee? -Yes, she was. | Had the lecture started when Mathew arrived? -Yes, it had. Had the lecturer explainedmany rulesby the time Mathew arrived?-No, he hadnt. | Had Rachel been training forlong before she got a promotion? -Yes, she had. Had she been training for a year? -No, she hadnt. |
| Did Jacob go to Florida or to Taxes? - He went to Florida. | Was she sitting in a café orin a restaurant? - She wassitting in a pavement café. | Had the professor explainedmany rulesoroutlinedthe planof their workby the time Mathew arrived? He had outlinedthe planof their work | Had she been training for a year orfor six monthsbefore she got a promotion?- She had been training for six months. |
| Jacob visited his friend last summer, didnt he? - Yes, he did. Jacob didnt enjoy the company of his friend, did he? - Yes, he did. | Rachel was sitting in a pavement café, wasnt she? - Yes, she was. She wasntenjoying her coffee, was she? Yes, she was. | The lecture hadnt started yet when Mathew arrived, had it? - Yes, it had. The professor had outlined the planof their workwhen Mathew arrived, hadnthe? - Yes, hehad. | Rachel had been training for six months before she got a promotion, hadnt she?-Yes, she had. Rachel hadnt been training for a year before she got a promotion, had she? No, she hadnt. |
| When did Jacob visit his friend? - He visited his friend last summer. Where didJacob go on holiday last summer? - Jacob wentto Florida. Who went to Florida last summer? - Jacob did. | Where wasRachelsitting? She was sitting in a pavement café. Who was enjoyinga cup of strong coffee? - Rachelwas. | What had the professor explained/saidby the timeMathew came? Hehad outlinedthe plan of their work. Who had outlinedthe planof their workby the timeMathew came? The professor had. | How long had Rachel been trainingbefore she got a promotion? She had been training for six months. Who hadbeen training for six months? - Rachel had. |
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| Past Simple | Past Continuous | Past Perfect | Past Perfect Continuous |
| 1. ij, . . Yesterday I called Jason on the phone. We had a long talk. 2. 䳿, . Helen went out, took a taxi and rushed to the office. 3. 䳿. Last year they sent me an accountingevery month. usedto (, ). Ron used to smoke heavily when he was at university. Now he doesnt smoke at all. Nicole didnt use to go out much until she met Paul. (Now she goes out very often.) , PastSimple: yesterday, last night/ week/ month/ year, three days/ weeks/ months ago, in 2002,How long ago .?, When .?, . | 1. ij, . 䳿 , . What wereyoudoingin the office at 8 oclock yesterday evening? We werestillconsidering new commercial offers. 2.ij, , . Cameron was talkingon the phone when Sheila came. While we were developinga new working model, the company decided to stop the project. 3. , . While they were discussing the terms and conditions of the contract, the secretary was typing. , PastContinuous: when, while, as, still, all morning/day /night, . | 1.ij , 䳿 . All the documents had been ready by 5clock. I had already workedin marketing before I joined my present company. 2. ij, 䳿 . 3. nosooner than = hardly when (/ , .), , , . . No sooner had she reached the telephone than it stopped ringing. = She had no sooner reached the phone than it stopped ringing. Hardly had she hung up the phone when it rang again. = She had hardly hung up the phone when it rang again. , PastPerfect: ever, never, just, already, before, after, till, until, when, by, by the time, hardlywhen,no sooner than, . | 1. ij, 䳿, PastSimple, , , since,for. Alan had been lookingforanother job for about a year before he finally found what he wanted. She had been cooking all day when Louis phoned her and said that they wouldnt come. 2. ij, . It had been raininghard all night long. The roads were wet in the morning. , PastPerfect: for, since, before, until, till, all night/ morning/ day (long), How long ?, Since when ?, . |
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