1.
:
B + H2O BH+ + OH
. > 106 . - :
[H] = . Þ
= lg[H] = lg . Þ
= 14 = 14 + lg . (3.8)
≤ 106 , , -. H :
(3.9)
2.
, :
+2 ↔ ++
:
. > 104
α < 5 %,
, , :
[B] ≈ .
,
[BH+] = [OH] Þ
- :
:
Þ
(3.10)
α > 5 %, :
(3.11)
3.
, . CH3COONa. :
CH3COONa CH3COO + Na+
- - :
CH3COO + H2O ↔ CH3COOH + OH
CH3COOH , CH3COO . , CH3COONa (3.10). Kb,
Kb (CH3COO), . K (CH3COOH) (3.2):
Kb (CH3COO) = 14 K (CH3COOH)
(3.10),
(3.12)
: 0,1 HCOOK.
: 0,1 HCOOK (3.12), K () = 3,75 :
4.
.
, H2NH2CH2NH2 , :
H2NH2CH2NH2 + 2H2O H3NH2CH2NH3
, . ,
|
|
pK 2 pK 1 > 4
, , (3.10) (3.11).