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Degrees of Comparison (adjective and adverb). Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий




Односложные и оканчивающиеся на -y a) cold – colder – coldest; easy – easier – easiest; hot – hotter – hottest; happy – happier – happiest; b) fast – faster – fastest, early – earlier – earliest
Многосложные difficult – more difficult – most difficult; interesting – more interesting – most interesting
Исключения good /well – better – best; bad/badly – worse – worst; little – less – least; many /much – more – most, far– father/further, farthest/furthest, old– older/elder – oldest/eldest
Сравнительные конструкции as … as not so … as not as…as than the … the такой же как не такой как чем чем … тем asbig/ often as not so big/often as not as big/often as bigger/more often than the more thebetter
Наречияна - ly beautifully quickly more beautifully more quickly most beautifully most quickly
Note: be, get, feel, seem, become, smell, taste, look = seem + прилагательное to look sad/ nice/happy, to feel well/bad/fine Note: глаголы действия + наречие: She looked at me sadly/ happily. How are you? – Thanks, I am well.

Pronoun. Местоимение

Личные местоимения Притяжательные Возвратные Неопределенные и отрицательные
Именительный падеж: (кто) Объектный падеж: (кому, кого) I II
(чей)
I He She It We You They me him her it us you them my his her its our your their This is my pen. mine his hers its ours yours theirs This pen is mine. myself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves many (books) much (water) few (trees) little (light) some somebody any anybody one, no, none something anything nothing nobody
Указательные: this – these; that – those, such, same Вопросительные: who, whom, whose, which, what

Cardinal and the Ordinal Numerals. Количественные и порядковые числительные

one – the first two – the second three – the third five – the fifth six – the sixth seven – the seventh eight – the eighth nine – the ninth ten – the tenth eleven – the eleventh twelve – the twelfth thirteen – the thirteenth 1) от 13 до 19 суффикс –teen 2) десятки – суффикс – ty twenty, ninety 3) составные числительные twenty - one – the twenty-first 4) one (a) hundred – 5 hundred one (a) thousand – 4 thousand 5) in 1917 – in nineteen seventeen 6) On May 1 – a) on the first of May – b) on May the first

Structure of the Sentence. Порядок слов в английском повествовательном предложении

Подлежащее Сказуемое Дополнение Обстоятельство
косвенное прямое места времени
He gave me this book at the lecture yesterday

To be and to have (Indefinite Tenses). Глаголы to beиto have во временах группы Indefinite

Present Past Future Present Past Future
I He She It We You They am is is is are are are was was was was were were were shall/will be will be will be will be shall / will be will be will be I He She It We You They have has has has have have have had had had had had had had shall/will have will have will have will have shall/will have will have will have
               

11. Construction There + be

 

Утвердительная форма Вопросительная форма Употребление и перевод на русский язык
Present there is there are Is there … Are there … Оборот there+be употребляется для указания на наличие или отсутствие какого-либо предмета (лица) в каком-то определенном месте. Перевод предложений с данным оборотом обычно начинается с обстоятельства места, если же оно отсутствует, то со сказуемого: There are 20 students in our group. В нашей группе 20 студентов. There is only one way of doing this sum. Существует только один способ решения этой задачи.
Past there was there were Was there … Were there …
Future there will be Will there be …
Специальный вопрос How many students are there in your group?
Отрицатель-ное предло-жение There are not many plants in our town. There is no river near this village.





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