.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


Examples of Specification and generalization




English Sentence Words Required Specification Or Generalization Russian Translation
I attended in the person of a Teutonic knight (specification) Person - ; .
Fitzgerald endowed Jay Gatsby with a similar charisma (specification) Endow , .
That crowns many a cabaret acts closing encore in every time zone from Ronnie Scotts to the Cafe No Problem in Phnom Penh Every time zone , , - .

 

To translate complicated, overcrowded sentences I often had to use a splitting technique, i. e. dividing one English sentence into two or three Russian sentences.

Between novels, Ken had forged a cadre in search of itself, the core of whichin addition to Ken Babbs, who had just returned from Vietnam, where he had flown a helicopter as one of the few thousand uniformed Americans thereconsisted at first of people who had lived on or near Perry Lane. . , , , , - , - .

The book had also been adapted for a Broadway stage production starring Kirk Douglas, who then proposed to do it as a movie. . ʸ , orge Walker and the photographer Mike Hagen managed to buy a 1939 International Harvester school bus and refashion it into a kind of disarmed personnel carrier, with welded compartments inside and an observation platform that looked like a U-boats conning tower on top. , , , 1939 . , , U-boat.

1. On the contrary in other cases I combined two or more English sentences into one Russian:

Jane Burton, a pregnant young philosophy professor who declined no challenges. Also Page Browning, a Hells Angel candidate. George Walker. Sandy Lehman-Haupt, whose electronic genius was responsible for the sound system. , , ; , , ; ; -, , .

2. It is also worth mentioning that the passive voice is much more often used in English than in Russian, especially in scientific works. So it was not always possible to translate them by analogical structures in Russian. Instead I replaced them.

1) by Active voice.

- Kesey and his wife, Faye, had moved there in 1963, after their house on Perry Lane, in Menlo Park, was torn down by developers. , , 1963 ., - - .

- I asked Kerouac for a cigarette and was refused. , .

2) by impersonal sentence.

Ken said something runic about books never being finished and tales remaining forever untold - , ,

Table 26

LOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS

EXAMPLE TRANSLATION
In spirit it was a world away from the woodsy gentility of the peninsula towns nearby , .

 

TRANSPOSITION OF MEMBERS OF THE SENTENCE:

1. Mainly in the redwood forest, it had the quality of a raw northwestern logging town transported to suburban San Francisco. - , , -.

2. Kesey, as master of the revels sixty years later, did a great deal to advance that tradition. 60 , , .

3. More than the inhabitants of any other decade before us, we believed ourselves in a time of our own making. , , , , .

4. Ken and Faye had gone to the opening night, in black tie and gown. .

5. He meant that Keseys extraordinary energy did not exist in isolationit acted on and changed those who experienced it. , , , .

6. I, who waited, with the wine-stained manuscript of my first novel, for the rendezvous in New York, have a count. , , -, .

Table 27

Multifunctional words

WORD TRANSLATION EXAMPLE
that       La Honda was a strange place, a wide spot on the road that descended the western slope of the Santa Cruz Mountains toward the artichoke fields along the coast. , , - . Kesey, as master of the revels sixty years later, did a great deal to advance that tradition. 60 , , . The dim winter day in 1963 when I first drove up to the La Honda house, truant from my attempts at writing a novel, I knew that the future lay before us and I was certain that we owned it. 1963 , , , , , .
as                 The sorry spectacle in Flushing Meadows in the summer of 1964 might be remembered as the last worlds fair. 1964 , . As some of us do, Michael fell heir to a destiny so incredibly unlikely that his future condition seemed to embody just about every element in American life that he then earnestly repudiated. , , , , , . The weeks we spent there were not many but they served as our introduction to what remained of the city people like us had so long daydreamed about. , , , . The rue de la Huchette was then as now a nighttime draw for traveling youth and the odd juvenile delinquent, but the fast-food and pizza joints were yet to come. , - . Our landlord was a Chinese-Mexican grocer, who referred to us as existencialistas, which we thought was a good one. - , , .

Besides, there were some sentences in the text where I used antonymous translation:

1. Jane Burton, a pregnant young philosophy professor who declined no challenges. , , .

 

While translating the text I used substitution technique:

1. The area had a bohemian tradition going back to the time of the economist and sociologist Thorstein Veblen, who lived there at the beginning of the twentieth century. , .

 

Finally I would like to say that translation of an original English text was very useful for developing of my translator skills. I have better understood translating techniques and native English word combinations.

 

V. Bibliography

1. A.V. Bolshak, N.R. Lopatina, V.N. Semerdjidi. Tips for graduates, 2012.

2. Floyd Skloot. Robert Stone remembers the '60s. January 14, 2007

http://www.sfgate.com/books/article/Robert-Stone-remembers-the-60s-Ken-Kesey-has-2623541.php

3. Gail Caldwell. We were stardust. January 7, 2007.

http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2007/01/07/we_were_stardust/

4. John Clarke Jr. The Ultimate Trip: "Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test" Heads to the Big Screen. April 10, 2009

http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/news/the-ultimate-trip-electric-kool-aid-acid-test-heads-to-the-big-screen-20090410

5. Michael McCarthy, Felicity ODell. English Vocabulary in Use. Advanced. Cambridge University Press. 2006.

6. Michiko Kakutani. The magical mystery tourist. January 14, 2007

http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20070114/news_mz1v14green.html

7. Robert Faggen. Ken Kesey, The Art of Fiction No. 136. Interview.

http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1830/the-art-of-fiction-no-136-ken-kesey

8. Robert Lipsyte. Alone With Ken Kesey, Talk Turns to Buses. November 29, 1991.

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/29/sports/robert-lipsyte-alone-with-ken-kesey-talk-turns-to-buses.html

9. Robert Stone. Prime Green: Remembering the Sixties. Harper Collins, 2007

10. Walter Kirn. Stones Diaries. January 7, 2007.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/books/review/Kirn.t.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

11. Wendy Smith. A Level Perspective on a Turbulent Era. January 3, 2007
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/02/AR2007010200978.html

12. .. : . / . .. - .: , 2006. - 320 .

13. , .. - : - / .. . .: , , 2006. - 384 .

14. , . . / . . . : , 2006. 320 c.

15. ABBYY Lingvo x5

16. Wikipedia. http://www.wikipedia.org/

 

IV. Glossary

1. abduction

2. abstemious

3. accommodate

4. accurate with facts

5. acid cranks

6. acid lilacs

7. aircraft

8. allegedly

9. ally

10. anguish

11. appreciation

12. apron

13. autonomous

14. auxiliary

15. beguile the imagination

16. belch

17. bellman

18. beneficiary

19. blameless

20. blaze

21. bleat

22. blissful

23. bogus

24. brandish

25. brawl

26. broadcast

27. broil

28. brood

29. brutality

30. bug-eyed

31. byway

32. calibrate -

33. cantina

34. capable

35. carrier

36. casting-off

37. chair

38. challenge

39. chant

40. charge

41. clinker

42. clochard

43. cluster

44. collaborator

45. compet

46. compulsive

47. conceal

48. conjecture

49. conjure up

50. conscientious

51. contemporary ,

52. contretemp

53. contrive

54. convenience

55. convention

56. convivial

57. copper

58. core

59. cosh

60. courtesy ,

61. creek

62. crop circles

63. cross-country trip

64. crumbling roofs

65. cuff

66. dairyman

67. Day-Glo

68. decline

69. default

70. deliverance

71. denizen

72. deprivation

73. descend

74. description

75. desirable

76. desperate

77. despise

78. dim

79. dimension

80. disillusionment

81. disposition

82. distend

83. distressingly

84. diversify

85. dream up

86. drive-by

87. drug-laced

88. drug menace

89. dust bowl

90. endorsement ( )

91. embody

92. encapsulate

93. encampment

94. endow ,

95. elusive

96. essential

97. expand ,

98. eyewitness

99. exalted ,

100. earshot

101. entity

102. evocative

103. expenditure

104. erupt

105. exploratory

106. encourage

107. expatriate

108. exquisite

109. equinoxe

110. exaggerated

111. effete

112. enable

113. extraterrestrial

114. engender

115. evasion ,

116. elite

117. elitism

118. fascination

119. fatuous

120. fearlessness

121. fidget

122. flakiness

123. flippers

124. float

125. folly

126. footloose

127. forebears

128. forge

129. forthcoming

130. fraction

131. fraternity

132. frequent

133. fringe

134. fumble

135. gather

136. general sentiment

137. generosity

138. gentility

139. giggly

140. glimpse

141. glisten

142. gorgeous

143. governor

144. grain

145. grandiose chic

146. grin

147. grip

148. grisly stories

149. groovy

150. guidance

151. hackery

152. halfway house

153. hammer

154. hangout

155. harrowing

156. hasten

157. hatch

158. hawthorn

159. headquarters -

160. heartfelt

161. hefty

162. heir

163. hijacking

164. hitchhiking

165. holiness

166. homeless street dweller

167. homespun

168. homicidal

169. horde

170. hostage

171. humiliate ,

172. hurtle

173. hustle

174. hyped-up

175. idler

176. imbalance

177. immersion

178. impecunious

179. imperative

180. imposter ,

181. incentive

182. increasingly

183. in-crowd

184. indistinguishable from

185. indulgent

186. ineffable

187. ineffability

188. inexhaustible

189. inhabitant

190. inhuman

191. ingest

192. innumerable

193. insight

194. instantly

195. intend

196. interstates

197. intimidate

198. jukebox

199. justification

200. know-it-all

201. kyew (thank you)

202. lance

203. lancer

204. libertarian

205. literally

206. little by little -

207. long-winded

208. maneuver ,

209. maple

210. meerschaums

211. mercurial

212. merit

213. midget

214. mind-altering drugs ,

215. mindlessness

216. misleading

217. mockery

218. moderator -

219. moribund

220. morrow

221. moss-covered

222. Movieland

223. mural

224. mutiny

225. mutter

226. naval -

227. nonfiction

228. notorious

229. nourish

230. numinous

231. offspring

232. opaque

233. outbuilding

234. out-of-town

235. overbearing

236. overborne

237. overtip

238. parch

239. patronize ,

240. penitentiary

241. perception

242. permanent

243. pillbox hat -

244. pitfalls

245. plonk

246. poise

247. Possibility

248. prank

249. preaching ,

250. precisely ,

251. presumably ,

252. pretension

253. preternaturally

254. probity ,

255. proclaim ,

256. profundity

257. proprietress

258. puff

259. purchaser

260. purport

261. pursue

262. purport

263. quotidian

264. rakish

265. rally

266. rapid

267. reassess

268. rebellious

269. redwood

270. reenactment

271. refashion

272. rejoice

273. rekindle

274. renovation

275. repudiate

276. revel

277. roll a joint

278. rooftop

279. rootless

280. rube

281. rumor

282. sadhus

283. scale

284. scribble

285. screenplay

286. scrivener

287. searchlight

288. sedentary

289. seethe

290. seize

291. self-celebration

292. self-important

293. shimmer

294. shuttle

295. sidekick

296. sinister

297. sledgehammer

298. slim

299. slope

300. smuggler

301. snooze

302. solstice

303. sophisticate

304. spill over

305. spouses

306. squalid

307. squander

308. squid

309. squint

310. stagger

311. straw bed

312. stretch inland

313. strive

314. stubborn

315. substantial

316. suburban

317. subvert

318. superbo

319. sustain

320. swaggering

321. swollen

322. throb ,

323. timid ,

324. tournament

325. trifle

326. trudge up the stairs

327. uncanny

328. unrivaled

329. upscale

330. vaudeville

331. venal

332. vehicle

333. verisimilitude

334. verminous

335. villainy

336. vividly

337. waterspouts

338. weed

339. whack

340. wherewithal

341. windshield

342. wine-stained

343. wisecrack

344. witchery

345. with every mod con

346. witch-hunting

347. working-class

348. workshop

349. worthwhile

350. wrongheadedness





:


: 2016-10-06; !; : 906 |


:

:

.
==> ...

1843 - | 1697 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.254 .