.
1. s 0 N - s *. , φ (sN −1, vN) = s *. , s * x *. - . 1 - x (x, x *), x (, 1, 2, , n). 2, 1 (. 1.2 1.6).
2. N, N, . . , - 1, 2, , N. , , . 1 6- 1 6 (. 1.6). 2 6, 3, 1, 4. , , . ( ) ( ). .
3. , . , , . , -. , .
4. N , - (.. ) . , ∕ , . , , , , - . (, ) ( , ). - , (, ). .
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3.1. . - , . , , , , . - . 5.8 - ( ), , ó é . , 0- x * , - . - . , N .
W (x) , x x *. -
W (x) = maxy{ w (x, y) + W (y)}, (8)
y, x. , é , Vr, Vr −1, , V 1 x *, V 0 (8) Vr +1. , -, , , - , . , , , .
3.1.1. . . - , - (, , , - ..). - , , , - . -, .
.2 , , . , . , -. , ..
, . , , (-, ) . ? , - . -.
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.2
. , G, - , , , -, A, , . , G , , , . . ( ) ( ), - (), .
x 0 - x *. , , (). , , - ( ), - , (). ,
≥
, ( ). 3.1. x 0 x* . . . , . (8).
3. , . 3. - 0. - , . - , - . - .
.3.
, .3, 5.8:
1. G 0 = G, V 0={7}.
2. G 0 7 . G 1 .4. 5 6 , V 1={5,6}.
.4
3. G 1 (. .4) 5, 6 , . - G 2 .4b. 4 , V 2={4}.
4. G 2 (. .4b) 4 , . G 3 .4. 1, 2, 3 , V 3={1, 2, 3}.
5. G 3 (. .4) 1, 2, 3 , . - G 4 .4d. 0 V 4={0}.
6. , . -:
V 0={7}, V 1={5, 6}, V 2= {4}, V 3={1, 2, 3}, V 4={0} (9)
ó é . , 0 7.
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1. , - G. (9): , 0, ( ) , 1, 2, 3 .., 7. , , ( ).
3.1. . 1
, . , ; . , : 4 0 () 5 2. .
1 1- . , , 7. . 1 .
2. 2 V 2= {4}.
3.2. 2
4 8 ( 4 6) 4 ( 6 7, 6). 6. , 4, , 4. 4 7: 4→6→7.
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3. 3 V 3= {1,2, 3}.
3.3. 3
( ) 3. 1- (3,4) 0. - 0 12 4 ( 4 7). , 3 2 (3,5) - 5 5 7 ( 5). - 5 (12,4) (7,5) (1- ) . (12,4). , (8).
2 , (2,4) 7. - 19 = 7+12 4; .
1 , (1,4) 3 (1,6) 1. .
4. 4 V 4= {0}. 1 3 , (0,1), (0,2) (0,3). 20 = 5 + 15 1. 23 = 4 + 19 2. 18 = 6 + 12 3. 23.
. . : 0→2→4→6→7. 23.
3.4. 4
■
, - , 2. .
3.1.2. . , - . , . , , .. . , , - - .
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- , .. ,
.
. , -, , , , -. , (, ). , , .
, 6 . , - , 6 , - (.. , ), 4 ( ). , , , - 3 ; .
() , . - ( 4 5) - ( ) .
4.
, 1-
, 2-
| , 4-
, 5-
|
, 3-
| , 6-
|
5.
- . , , 3.1, :
S ;
Qs s Î S;
φ (s, v);
ψ (s, v);
s 0Î S;
N.
.
1. S (t, t), t - (t = 1, 2,..., 6), t - t. . () (6,8) ( , 6- 8 ), (6,5) ( , 1- , 6- 5 ), (6,4) ( , 2- , 6- 4 ) .. (6,7) (6,6) S ! (5,6) (5,5), (4,5) (4,4) .. , (t,0) . , 1- . , 1- . , ( s *), 6- .
2. Qs s Î S, s *, : ( ). s * Qs .
3. φ (s, v)
φ ((t, t),) = (t +1, t +1) (t = 1,..., 5),
φ ((t, t),) = (t +1,1) (t = 1,..., 5),
φ ((6, t),) = φ ((6, t),) = s *.
, t (v = ), t 1; (v = ), 1. 6- , - s *.
4. 4 5. ( ) ψ ((5,3),) ψ ((5,3),). (5,3) , - 5- 3 . , 2- . 3 , ( 3 ) 110 15, ψ ((5,3),) = 110 - 15 = 95. ( ), ( 3 -) 5- (.. 3- ) 110; ( - 5- ) 1- ( 0) 150 5. , ψ ((5,3),) = -110 +150 -5 = 35. - ψ ((t, t), v) (t, t) v. 6.
6.
(t, τ) | ψ ((t, τ),C) | (t, τ) | ψ ((t, τ),C) | (t, τ) | ψ ((t, τ),H) | (t, τ) | ψ (t, τ),H) |
(6,8) | −15 | (4,6) | −10 | (6,8) | −10 | (4,6) | −15 |
(6,5) | (4,3) | (6,5) | (4,3) | ||||
(6,4) | (4,2) | (6,4) | (4,2) | ||||
(6,3) | (4,1) | (6,3) | (4,1) | ||||
(6,2) | (3,5) | −5 | (6,2) | (3,5) | −15 | ||
(6,1) | (3,2) | (6,1) | (3,2) | ||||
(5,7) | −10 | (3,1) | (5,7) | −5 | (3,1) | ||
(5,4) | (2,4) | (5,4) | (2,4) | −15 | |||
(5,3) | (2,1) | (5,3) | (2,1) | ||||
(5,2) | (1,3) | (5,2) | (1,3) | −10 | |||
(5,1) | (5,1) |
5. s 0 = (1, 3) ( , 3 ).
6. 1- , 7- , .. 6- . (t, τ) 1- t 1 . - 6 , .. N = 6.
(. 3.1 3.1.1. , (t, τ), , t. :
S 0 = s *; S 1 = {(6,8), (6,5), (6,4), (6,3), (6,2), (6,1)}; S 2 = {(5,7), (5,4), (5,3), (5,2), (5,1)};
S 3 = {(4,6), (4,3), (4,2), (4,1)}; S 4 = {(3,5), (3,2), (3,1)}; S 5 = {(2,4), (2,1)}; S 6 = {(1,3)}.
1. 7.1, -. 12 . 4- . (t, t), t - (t = 1, 2,..., 6), t -
7.1. 1
(1,3) | (2,4) | (3,5) | −5 | (4,6) | −10 | (5,7) | −10 | (6,8) | −15 | s * | ||
−10 | −15 | −15 | −15 | −5 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
80 | ||||||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
90 | ||||||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
95 | ||||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
115 | ||||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
t. - (.. ), ( ). 6. 7.1 : t < 6 - (t, t) , - (t, t); , (t, t). t = 6 - s * ( ), .
1 1- , ó ( , ). , 1- (. 6- ) . , . , .
2. 2- . - (8). 2- 6.2 , , . , , - . 2- 6.2 -, , . - , , .
2- , ó ( , ). , 2- (. 5- ) .
7.2. 2
(1,3) | (2,4) | (3,5) | −5 | (4,6) | −10 | (5,7) | −25 | (6,8) | −15 | s * | ||
−10 | −15 | −15 | −15 | 125 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
175 | 80 | |||||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
185 | 90 | |||||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
185 | 95 | |||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
240 | 115 | |||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
3. 3- . , 2. 3- 7.3 , , . 3- 7.3 , , . 3- , ó ( , - ). , 3- (. 4- ) .
7.3. 3
(1,3) | (2,4) | (3,5) | −5 | (4,6) | −35 | (5,7) | −25 | (6,8) | −15 | s * | ||
−10 | −15 | −15 | 225 | 125 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
280 | 175 | 80 | ||||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
285 | 185 | 90 | ||||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
300 | 185 | 95 | ||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
240 | 115 | |||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
4, 5 6.
4:
7.4. 4
(1,3) | (2,4) | (3,5) | −40 | (4,6) | −35 | (5,7) | −25 | (6,8) | −15 | s * | ||
−10 | −15 | 285 | 225 | 125 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
360 | 280 | 175 | 80 | |||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
395 | 285 | 185 | 90 | |||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
300 | 185 | 95 | ||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
240 | 115 | |||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
5:
7.5. 5
(1,3) | (2,4) | −35 | (3,5) | −40 | (4,6) | −35 | (5,7) | −25 | (6,8) | −15 | s * | |
−10 | 380 | 285 | 225 | 125 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
465 | 360 | 280 | 175 | 80 | ||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
395 | 285 | 185 | 90 | |||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
300 | 185 | 95 | ||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
240 | 115 | |||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
6:
7.6. 6
(1,3) | −30 | (2,4) | −35 | (3,5) | −40 | (4,6) | −35 | (5,7) | −25 | (6,8) | −15 | s * |
455 | 380 | 285 | 225 | 125 | −10 | −10 | ||||||
(2,1) | (3,2) | (4,3) | (5,4) | (6,5) | ||||||||
465 | 360 | 280 | 175 | 80 | ||||||||
(3,1) | (4,2) | (5,3) | (6,4) | |||||||||
395 | 285 | 185 | 90 | |||||||||
(4,1) | (5,2) | (6,3) | ||||||||||
300 | 185 | 95 | ||||||||||
(5,1) | (6,2) | |||||||||||
240 | 115 | |||||||||||
(6,1) | ||||||||||||
130 |
, . , 1- , - , 3 , . (2,1). 4- ( (4,3)), , .. (5,1). , .. 4-, 5- 6- . . 455 .
, 42, , .. 42- ó , - . , . , , - . -, , ■
1. 3.1.2 - :
, 1-
, 2- , 3-
| , 4- , 5- , 6-
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1
2
1
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: 2016-10-07; !; : 578 |
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