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21.




1. If the fuse is blown, replace it with one of the same type and rating before going any further. 2. Never pull the power lead to unplug the computer. 3. To help prevent electric shock, plug the AC adapter and peripheral power cables into properly grounded power sources; these cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. 4. When room air is dehumidified and recirculated, the system is said to operate in the recirculating mode. 5. CD-rewritable (CD-RW) technology allows personal computer users to replace their diskettes with high-capacity CDs that can be written upon and edited over. 6. Continuous improvement involves constantly improving and modifying products and services to remain competitive and to keep a strong customer base. 7. These keyboards, such as the split keyboard by Microsoft and others, are designed to avoid wrist and hand injuries caused by hours of keyboarding. 8. To keep electrical performance and package sizes reasonable, the lead pitch decreased, and fine-pitch leaded devices were introduced. 9. To highlight results, a common approach is to construct a bar chart to represent the results graphically. 10. Unix also makes it much easier to move programs and data among computers or to connect mainframes and personal computers to share resources. 11. LCD monitors are flat displays that use liquid crystalsorganic, oil-like material placed between two polarizers to form characters and graphic images on a back-lit screen. 12. Although Microsoft Office aims to reveal more of the products full functionality; a frequent rule of thumb is that most users are aware of only 20 percent of a software suites capabilities. 13. A digital versatile disk (DVD) is a five-inch CD-ROM look-alike with the ability to store about 135 minutes of digital video or several gigabytes of data. 14. The question of software support is known to be the biggest stumbling block to the acceptance of open source software at the corporate level. 15. To avoid data loss, do not replace a battery while the computer is turned on unless the computer is connected to an electrical outlet or a second battery is installed. 16. Be sure that nothing rests on your adapters power cable and that the cable is not located where it can be tripped over or stepped on. 17. Do not carry a battery pack in your pocket, purse, or other container where metal objects (such as car keys) could short-circuit the battery terminals; the resulting excessive current flow can cause extremely high temperatures and may result in damage from burns. 18. The structural joints in a machine tool have long been known to be a source of damping by the mechanisms of friction and microslip. 19. The material is then said to be temper embrittled, and premature cracking may follow. 20. Crevices at which the ebullition cycle is sustained are said to be active nucleation sites.

(participle) - . .

(voice)
(active) (passive)
Present participle ( I) using (, ) being used (, )
Past participle ( II)   used (, )
Perfect participle ( ) having used () having been used ( )

1. I (present participle) -ing (: reading, building) :

This branch of industry has not been developed enough to meet ever increasing demands. , .
A corporate customer requests a phone directory listing all steel suppliers in Western Europe. , .
Citibanks new information system improves the decision-making ability of its upper management. .

Present participle . , :

force resisting member ,
running program

, , . ? , ? , ? , -. , .

I ( ) + ( , ):

Flowing through a conductor the current heats it. . . ( , ).
Taking the correct conversion units we arrive at theright conclusion. , .
We help to fulfill the plants plan ahead of schedule by applying new techniques. , .
Cooling off this device he succeeded in his object. , .
Concluding his experiment he carefully noted the results. , .

present participle , :

Writing the report I can say the data and the results of the last experiments are of the first importance. , , , .
While repairing the motor the operator found two broken studs.     . ( , . , ).
Thus melting ice or snow keeps up the same temperature while melting. , .

Present participle , , :

Im watching the tool-maker making on a die. , - ( -, ).
When I entered the toolroom I saw a tool-maker making a die. , , - .

Present participle passive , , , :

The workers being chosen for the team are under 25. , , .
He told us about the experiments being carried on in his laboratory. , .
Being cooled in air the metal became hardened. , .
Being built of reinforced concrete the house will be durable. , .
Instrumentation being used for high altitude research is equipped with special devices. , ( ) , .

2. II (past participle) (: worked, ordered, shown, made of). Past participle -, -, -, -, -:

Trojan horses used for unauthorized access are rather common. , , .
We sometimes prefer to use half-finished goods. .

Past participle , : when (), while (, ), if (), though, although (), unless (... ), once (, ). II + :

This material darkens when left in the open air. (... ).

( being used, having used having been used) . ( being used) , , , :

Being heated magnetized steel loses its magnetism. , ( , ).

past participle , :

The energy used per second is proportional to the frequency. , ( ), .
Designed properly the same software package can be sold to many users. , .
He offered the best solution of the problem concerned. , .

past participle . , , :

The results obtained showed n evidence of a marked increase of tensity of radiation. .
The capacitance received is believed to be half the total capacitance required. .
A measure used is said to be reliable if it consistently obtains the same result. , .

Present participle past participle :

Certain integrals containing parameters can be evaluated easily by means of the transformations. , , .
Operators will use special television systems designed for application in metallurgical works. , .

past participle , :

The amplifier, if used, is directly coupled and may consist of more than one stage. , , .
When properly insulated, the wire may be used in conditions of excessive moisture. , .
While used precision instruments require very delicate handling. .

3. (perfect participle active passive) , , , (- ), :

Having discussed htistics of these signals we shall now be concerned with the problem of identifying them. , , ( ..., ...).

Perfect participle :

Having been sent to the wrong address, the letter didnt reach the addressee. , .
Having been adjusted by the operator, the lathe continued to work. , .
Having been temporary and volatile, RAM chips lose their contents if the current is turned off or disrupted. RAM , , .




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