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(voice) , , . (active) (passive). . (passive voice) , , , . be + (past participle). be , .

, (present passive), (past passive) (future passive):

Present simple passive is considered, are considered , ()
Present progressive passive is being considered, are being considered , ()
Past simple passive was considered, were considered ,
Past progressive passive was being considered, were being considered ,
Present perfect passive has been considered, have been considered
Past perfect passive had been considered
Future simple passive will be considered ()
Future perfect passive will have been considered ()

future progressive, present perfect progressive past perfect progressive. future simple, present perfect past perfect, , :

At this time tomorrow a new control system will be tested. .
A close study of the neural networks has been made by our scientists for a number of years. .
The new equipment had been tested for two hours when the chief engineer came and stopped the experiment. , .

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1. ( ):

The test system was developed and put into operation. .

, -, - :

Drills are made of tool steel. .

2. , :

He was offered a new job .
The relay was given its initial position. .
has been brought the part he demanded. , .
The resolution was objected to by almost everybody. .

, , : give, offer, bring, teach, show, promise .

3. , :

Headers and footers are commonly used in printed documents. .
No account is taken of price changes in this report. .

4. - - , be, get, become, keep, continue, remain, stand . be , get :

The personal computer is connected to a local area network ().
It can be recorded when the chip gets overheated. , ().

become - , :

The equipment becomes out of date. .

5. keep, continue, remain , :

A Web site has been set up to keep the citizens informed. Web .
These parameters remain unchanged. .

6. :

It is said that ,
It is expected that (),
It is known that . ,
As it is known
It will be recalled that ,
It must be stressed that () ,
It cannot be denied that (),
It should be remembered that ,
Let it be stressed that ,
As it is readily seen from the text

11. , , . . ,

: Text links usually change color when you have clicked on them. (Active; change to passive.)

The color of the text links is usually changed when you have clicked on them.

1. The lock was broken sometime after four oclock. 2. Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774. 3. The postal clerk sent the unsigned letter before I could retrieve it from the mailroom. 4. Public speaking is taught by Professor Higgins. 5. Volunteer work was done by the students for extra credit in sociology. 6. The students did volunteer work for extra credit in statistics. 7. The file can be read by Acrobat Reader v.4 or higher, which can be downloaded from the Internet at http://www.adobe.com. 8. All of the corrections will be carefully considered by the scientific editor of the English version of the journal. 9. All translations pass scientific and language editing, the latter being done by native speakers of English.





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