It was terrible! Iopened the door and a policeman was standing (1) there. My parents _____ (2) breakfast in the kitchen. Mum _____ (3) her old dressing gown. Dad ______ (4) his pajamas. My sister Zoe was in the hall. She ____ (5) to her walkman and ____ (6) at the top of her voice. My brother Mark ___(7) on the stairs. He ____(8) his guitar. The dog____ (9) at the front door. And our neighbours ____ (10) everything from their garden, as usual!
Вправа 3. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Past Simple або у Past Continuous.
1. When we... (go) out, it... (rain). 2. I wasn't hungry last night. I... (not/eat) anything. 3. Jane wasn't at home when I went to see her. She.... (work). 4. I... (get) up early this morning. I... (wash),... (dress) and then I... (have) breakfast. 5. The postman... (come) while I... (have) breakfast. 6. … you (watch) television when I... (phone) you? 7. We... (meet) Joan at the party. She... (wear) a red dress. 8. The boys... (break) a window when they... (play) football. 9. I was late but my friends... (wait) for me when I... (arrive). 10. I... (get) up at 7 o'clock. The sun... (shine), so I... (go) for a walk. 11. He... (not/drive) fast when the accident... (happen). 12. Margaret... (not/go) to work yesterday. She was ill. 13. 'What... (you/do) on Saturday evening?' 'I went to the cinema.' 14. 'What... (you/do) at 9.30 on Saturday evening?' 'I... (watch) a film in the cinema.'
Past Perfect
Вправа 1. Поставте речення у питальній та заперечній формі.
1. We had translated the text before the bell rang. 2. By the time I got to the office they had gone. 3. I couldn’t get into the office yesterday because I had left my keys at home. 4. He had prepared all documents by 5 p.m. 5. I didn’t want lunch because I had already eaten.
Вправа 2. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Past Perfect.
1. He called Jane after he … (finish) dinner. 2. We … (translate) the article by that time. 3. We … (ship) the goods by the end of last week. 4. By the end of last year I … (learn) to speak Spanish. 5. They … (deliver) the goods before your telegram arrived. 6. I was sure I … (see) him before. 7. I was nervous because I … never (give) a presentation. 8. I was surprised to find that she … (already/leave).
Вправа 3. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Past Simple або у Past Perfect.
1. After she … (make) a few notes, she … (start) writing her report. 2. Gary … (be) sure that he … (see) that man before. 3. After Jill … (give) her first presentation she … (feel) much less nervous. 4. The rain … (stop) by the time we … (get) out of taxi. 5. When we … (arrive) at the party Tom … (go) already. 6. By eight o’clock yesterday I … (do) all my work. 7. On my way to work I … (remember) that I … (leave) my documents at home. 8. All my friends were glad to hear that I … (pass) my exam. 9. When I entered the room, the meeting … (already/begin). 10. Where … you (work) before you … (enter) the university. 11. Suddenly he … (remember) that he … (not/ring) her up in the morning. 12. He … (open) his eyes, … (look) around and … (try) to remember what … (happen) to him.
Past Perfect Continuous
Вправа 1. Складіть по п’ять речень у Past Perfect Continuous, користуючись таблицею.
| I He She We You They | had been | sleeping waiting for him working here looking for it living here | for an hour for 20 minutes for five years for 3 months | when he came before she left by that time by 8 o’clock |
| I He She We You They | said thought wrote knew | I he she we you they | had been | working there studying it reading staying here playing chess riding a horse | for long time since 1970 all day for an hour |
Вправа 2. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Past Simple або у Past Perfect Continuous.
1. We … (play) tennis for half an hour when it … (start) to rain.2. I … (wait) Tom at the restaurant for an hour when he … (come).3. Sarah … (work) at the factory for 10 years before it was closed down.4. We … (translate) the documents for two hours when the boss … (call).5. They … (discuss) the problem for 3 hours when I … (come)6. She … (pack) her things for an hour and a half when a taxi arrived.7. We … (wait) for 2 hours before they … (call) us.8. Before the bus … (come) I … (wait) for it for twenty minutes.
Test (Past Tenses)
1. Визначте час та перекладіть такі речення.
1. Я написав лист вчора.
2. Я написав лист до того, як прийшов директор.
3. Я писав лист уже дві години, коли мені подзвонили.
4. Я писав лист цілий день вчора.
5. Поки я писав лист, він перекладав контракт.
6. Я прочитав цю книгу в минулому році.
7. Я прочитав цю книгу до того, як ти прийшов.
8. Я читав цю книгу вже 2 години, коли ти подзвонив.
9. Я читав цю книгу, коли ти прийшов.
10. Я робив доповідь вже півгодини, коли ви зайшли у зал.
11. Вчора я зробив доповідь.
12. Я зробив доповідь до того, як ви увійшли в зал.
13. Я зробив доповідь до того, як почалися дебати.
14. Вони вивчили всі нові слова вчора до дев’ятої години вечора.
15. Вони вчили нові слова, коли я зайшов до них.
16. Вони вивчили всі слова в минулому році.
17. Вони вчили нові слова вже дві години, коли я прийшов.
18. Два тижні тому йшов дощ.
19. Коли я вийшов з дому, йшов дощ.
20. Дощ йшов вже дві години, коли ми вийшли з роботи.
21.До того, як ми вийшли з роботи, пройшов дощ.
2. З якими минулими часами слід вжити такі обставини часу?
| Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous | a) from 3 to 5 yesterday b) yesterday c) the whole day yesterday d) before she came e) for 2 hours before she came f) while I was reading g) last year h) by 5 p.m. yesterday i) before the rain started j) for 3 weeks before they called k) 2 days ago l) for half an hour before she came |
3. Оберіть правильну форму дієслова.
1. Nash (had done, did, will have done) it before we came.
2. The Fords (had been discussing, were discussing, discussed) the problem for an hour before their grandchildren arrived.
3. His niece (was playing, is playing, had been playing) the piano when we entered the drawing room.
4. Mrs. Moody (looked, was looking, had looked) worried yesterday.
5. Lionel (was dancing, danced, has danced) when we were looking at him.
6. We were tired yesterday. We (had been working, worked, have been working) in the garden for three hours.
7. Hardly (has, had, have) she entered the room when the children rushed to her.
8. Squirrels (were rustling, rustled, are rustling) in the bushes while we were sitting under that big oak tree.
9. Violet (did, had done, was doing) all the washing before her mother returned.
10. The army (was parading, paraded, had been parading) when we
looked out of the window.
11. Sharon (had been ironing, was ironing, has been ironing) the linen for forty minutes before they stopped her.
Future Tenses
| Future Simple | Future Continuous | |
| will V I/you/we/they/he/she/it will workhere. I/you/we/they/she/he/it will not (won’t) work here. Will you/I/we/they/she/he/it work here? | will be + V-ing They/you/we/she/he/it will be working here. They/you/we/she/he/it will not (won’t)be working here. Will they/you/we/she/he/it be working here? | |
| ü для вираження одноразової майбутньої або повторюваної дії в майбутньому: He’ll work at the factory next year. – Наступного року він працюватиме на фабриці. I’ll always come back. – Я завжди повертатимусь. ü прогнози та передбачення стосовно майбутнього: I think he won’t pass his exam. – Я думаю, що він не складе іспит. I’m afraid we won’t be on time for the meeting. – Я боюся, ми не встигнемо на зустріч. ü рішення стосовно майбутнього, прийняті у момент мовлення: I’m hungry. I’ll cook something to eat. – Я зголоднів. Я приготую щось поїсти. Will you help me? – Yes, I will help you. – Ти мені допоможеш? Так, допоможу. | ü дія, яка триватиме у певний час або проміжок часу в майбутньому: I’ll be waiting for you at 7 p.m. – Я буду чекати тебе завтра о сьомій вечора. We’ll be playing tennis all morning. – Ми гратимемо в теніс цілий ранок. We’ll be translating the contract from 6 to 9 tomorrow. – Ми будемо перекладати контракт з шостої до дев’ятої ранку. | |
| at 5 p.m. tomorrow, from 3 to 6, this time next week/ month, when I come... | ||
| be going to вживається для вираження наміру зробити щось у найближчому майбутньому: He’s going to be a teacher. – Він збирається бути вчителем. They are going to buy a big house. – Вони збираються купити великий будинок. | ||
| tomorrow, tonight, next week/month, in two/three days, the day after tomorrow, soon, in a week/month... |
| Future Perfect | Future Perfect Continuous |
| will have V3 I/you/we/they/he/she/it will have workedhere. I/you/we/they/she/he/it will not (won’t) have worked here. Will you/I/we/they/she/he/it have worked here? | will have been + V-ing They/you/we/she/he/it will have been working here. They/you/we/she/he/it will not (won’t) have been working here. Will they/you/we/she/he/it have been working here? |
| ü для вираження дії, яка закінчиться до іншої дії або певного часу в майбутньому: He’ll have cooked dinner before I come home. – Він приготує обід до того, як я прийду додому. By 6 p.m. tomorrow we will have translated the contract. – Завтра до шостої вечора ми вже перекладемо контракт. | ü дія, яка триватиме до іншої дії або певного часу у майбутньому (зазначено, скільки триватиме дія): Hе will have been cooking dinner for an hour when I come. – Він буде готувати обід вже годину, коли я прийду. By 6 p.m. tomorrow we’ll have been translating the contract for 4 hours. – Завтра до шостої ми будемо перекладати контракт вже 4 години. |
| Before, by, by then, by the time I come... | by the time, for … |
Вправа 1. Який із майбутніх часів ви використаєте для перекладу таких речень?
| Я буду вчити англійську мову | в наступному році. завтра о сьомій. завтра, коли ти повернешся. післязавтра. |
| Я збираюся вчити англійську мову. | |
| Я вивчу нові слова | до іспиту. до того, як ти повернешся. |
| Я буду вчити нові слова вже годину до того, як ти прийдеш. | |
| Ми прочитаємо цю книгу | незабаром. завтра до вечора. до того часу, як повернеться директор. |
| Ми будемо читати цю книгу завтра в цей час. | |
| Ми будемо читати цю книгу вже три години, коли ти повернешся. | |
| Ми будемо складати іспит завтра в цей час. | |
| Ми будемо складати іспит, коли ти повернешся. | |
| Ми будемо складати іспит вже дві години, коли ти повернешся. | |
| До того, як ти повернешся, ми вже складемо іспит. |
Вправа 2. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, Future Perfect Continuous, to be going to.
1. Tomorrow I … (interview) the candidates all morning.
2. We … (move) to our new office in August.
3. He … (prepare) the annual report by tomorrow.
4. We … (receive) the goods by tomorrow.
5. I … (go) to buy a new car soon.
6. I hope, we … (not to be) late for the meeting.
7. Sorry, I cannot see you tomorrow at 6. I … (play) golf with my client then.
8. This time next week I … (work) in a different department.
9. When you come we … (tidy up) our office.
10. Hurry up! By the time we arrive, the play … (start).
11. We … (discuss) the problem for 2 hours when you come.
12. At this time tomorrow I … (sleep).
13. I think the weather … (be) hot tomorrow.
14. We … (pay) back the loan by September.
15. I can’t see you tomorrow. I … (attend) a training course in England.
16. By next week she … (work) in this company for 15 years.
17. He … (make) the last payment in July.
18. By the time we get to the cinema, the film … (begin).
19. This time tomorrow I … (eat) lunch on the plane.
20. I got some money, so I … (go) to buy a new camera.
