Some any c -thing, -body, -one, -where... yope , some any.
Something | -; - |
anything | -; ; , | |
somebody, someone | -; - | |
anybody, anyone | -; , ; , | |
somewhere | -, -; -, - | |
anywhere | -; -; , ; , ( ). |
1. | There is somebody (someone) knocking at the door. | - . |
2. | There isn't anybody (anyone) at the door. Nobody (no one) is at the door. | . |
3. | Somebody (someone) will be at home. | - . |
4. | I'm afraid there isn't anybody (anyone) at home. | , . |
5. | Is there anybody (anyone) at home? | - ? |
, . . . to. :
Keep clear of approach channel. | . |
Go to Emergency Anchorage. | . |
Proceed along the ice channel. | . |
Stay where you are. | , . |
Prepare to receive tow line. | . |
to do not. to do . . . : Do not follow me!
dont. : Dont close the door!
Do not anchor in position | |
Do not dredge anchor. | . |
Do not overtake. | . |
Dont cross the fairway. | . |
Dont pass ahead of me. | . |
Dont enter traffic lane. | . |
, (, , . .). , to.
, . Present Infinitive (Active Passive) .
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May, might
May + Present Infinitive , , , , . Might may , may).
May I navigate by myself? | ? |
Of course, you may. | . |
May I enter the traffic lane? | ? |
May I proceed? | ? |
Yes, you may. No, you mustn't. No, don't*. | . . |
Can, could
Can + Present Infinitive . Could can. Could + Infinitive .
Can you join the convoy?Yes, I can. | ? . |
Can you navigate a sailing ship? Yes, I can. | ? . |
I cannot keep my present course. | . |
Can you steer the ship? Yes, I can. | ? . |
We could swim fast when we were at school. | , |
Must
Must + Present Infinitive , , , , ).
mustn't (must not) (), . . m.
( , ) needn't (need not).
Must . must have to + Present Infinitive ( ). :
had to take a taxi to get to the port on time. | , . |
I'll have to go to the supermarket tomorrow. | . |
Need
Need + Present Infinitive (Active Passive) .
Must I take a pilot? Yes, you must. No, you needn't. | ? . , . |
You must keep radio silence in this area unless you have messages about a casualty. | , . |
Should, would
should would , . Would 1) ; 2) ; 3) , . Should , , , ( , , , ). should ought to + Infinitive.
You should be more careful. | . |
You shouldn't interfere in other people's affairs. | . |
Jack should be more attentive. | -, . |
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( , ). , , , .
PRESENT SIMPLE (present indefinite tense)
, Present Simple ( ) Present Continuous ( ). Present Continuous , , ( ) . , , Present Simple.
:
I work | we work |
you work | you work |
he, she, it works | they work |
, , -s.
, - (, to study), -ies (he studies).
to go to do. Present Simple -es: he (she, it) goes; he (she, it) does.
-es , : s, ss, ch, sh, tch, x, z; , I touch ( ); he touches; I rush ( ); he rushes.
1. | I always get up at 7 oclock. | 7 . |
2. | usually does his morning exercises. | . |
3. | The navigators keep watch on the bridge twice a day. | . |
4. | The Earth goes round the Sun. | . |
5. | We speak Russian. | -. |
Present Simple to do.
, , Present Simple do, ( ).
Present Simple does ( ) do ( ) , ( do). to work:
do I work? | do we work? |
do you work? | do you work? |
does he work? | do they work? |
does she work? | |
does it work? |
, who (), what (), which () ( ), do (does) . :
1. | Who keeps watch every day? | ? |
2. | What comes next? | ? ? |
3. | Which of these sailors plays chess? | ? |
Present Simple :
Yes, I do. | Yes, we do. |
Yes, you do. | Yes, you do. |
Yes, he does. | Yes, they do. |
Yes, she does. | |
Yes, it does. |
Present Simple :
No, I don't. | No, we don't. |
No, you don't. | No, you don't. |
No, he doesn't. | No, they don't. |
No, she doesn't. | |
No, it doesn't. |
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doesn't, don't , .
1. | Do you get up early? | ? |
2. | Do they execute the orders of the Master? | ? |
3. | Do you speak English? | -? |
4. | Does he work for a shipping company? | ? |
5. | Does he work on the ship A? | ? |
Present Simple do not does not , to.
Present Simple to work:
I do not work | we do not work |
you do not work | you do not work |
he does not work | they do not work |
she does not work | |
it does not work |
don't, doesn't .
1. | I don't scrub down the deck every day. | . |
2. | We don't work in a factory. | . |
3. | They don't work in store. | . |
4. | The Smiths don't like to travel. | . |
5. | I don't want to go to the meeting. | . |
6. | doesn't live in Boston. | . |
7. | He isn't painting the deck equipment at this time. | . |