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Лекарственные средства, производные фурана




        

 

Фурацилин

Furacilinum

Nitrofural *

 

                                                      

                                               O

                                                ||

O2N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH2

                                                          

5-нитрофурфуроласемикарбазон

 

Свойства

        

 

     

Подлинность

1.

 

 

                                                      

                                               O

                                                ||                    + NaOH

O 2 N     O   CH = N – NH – C – NH 2

                                                         

                                                      

→                                       O

                                              ||

O -N    O  CH - N = N –C – NH2

  |

ONa                                                   

                                                      

                                              ONa

→                                           |

O2N    O  CH = N – N = C – NH2

                                                         

 

2. а)

 

                                                                                       to

                                               O + 2 NaOH + H2O → NH3 ↑ + Na2CO3 +

                                                ||

O2N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH2

 

                       O                         

 +                   //    + H2N – NH2             

                  C - H                             

O2N OH 

 

б)

 

 

3.  

 

 

4.

5.

 

 

6.

7.

 

 

Количественное определение

1. Метод                                       , способ

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

                                                                                      

                                               O + 2 I2 + 6 NaOH + →             O +

                                                 ||                                                             //

O2N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH2                                  O2N  O  C - H

               моль                                             •  =   экв.

 

+ N2 ↑ + NH3↑ + 4 NaI + Na2CO3 + 3 H2O

 

I2 + 2 NaOH → NaI + NaIO + H2O

NaI + NaIO + H2SO4 → I2 + Na2SO4 + H2O

I2 + 2 Na2S2O3 → 2 NaI + Na2S4O6

f экв . =              M 1/ z =  

 

2.  

Применение

    Наружно –

 

    Внутрь –

Форма выпуска:

 

 

Хранение

     

        

 

 

Лекарственные средства, производные пиразола

   

    Для медицины представляют интерес кето-произодные пиразолина и пиразолидина                                                                    O

                                                                                          //  

1.                                                          2.                     

                            N - H                                                N - H

               //                                                    //                       

             O N                                       O    N

                        |                                                      |

                       H                                                     H

                   пиразолон -5                        пиразолидиндион -3,5

 

    К 1-ой группе относятся антипирин и анальгин, оказывающие жаропонижающее и болеутоляющее действие.

    Ко 2-ой группе относится бутадион, оказывающий противовоспалительное действие.

 

 

Антипирин

Antipirynum

Phenazone *

 

  Н –       - CH 3                                                         

                                                                                       

                                  N – CH 3                                                

                //                                                                               

             O N                                                  

                         |                                                      

                      C 6 H 5                                                    

1-фенил-2,3-диметилпиразолон-5

Свойства

        

 

 

Подлинность

1.

 

3 Ant • 2 FeCl3

2.

2 NaNO2 + H2SO4 → 2 HNO2 + Na2SO4

Н –       -CH3                    O = N –            – CH3           

                                                                                   

                                  N –CH3  + HNO2 →                 N – CH3 + H2O                                          

                //                                                   //                                                             

              O  N                                          O N                                            

                         |                                                        |                           

                        C6H5                                             C6H5                                              

     

3.

4.

 

Количественное определение

    Метод                                               , способ  

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

    Н –            -CH3                      I –            – CH3           

                                                                                   

                                  N –CH3  + I2 →                         N – CH3 + HI                                          

                //                                                   //                                                             

              O  N                                          O N                                            

                         |                                                    |                           

                        C6H5                                             C6H5                                              

                             моль                       экв.

 

HI + CH3COONa → CH3COOH + NaI

I2 + 2 Na2S2O3 → 2 NaI + Na2S4O6

f экв. =                  M 1/ z =  

 

Применение

    

 

 

Форма выпуска:  

 

Хранение

Список  

 

 

N. B.! При приготовлении ЛФ по рецептам необходимо учитывать способность антипирина реагировать с кислотами, фенолами, альдегидами, солями ртути, реагируя с которыми антипирин может переходить в жидкое состояние.

Анальгин

Analginum

Metamizol Sodium*

 

     CH3 – N –       -CH3                                 

              /                                                    

NaO 3 S – CH 2               N – CH 3                   

                  //                            1-фенил-2,3-диметил-4-метиламинопиразолон-

          O    N                   -5- N -метансульфонат натрия

                            |                                                                                    

                      C 6 H 5                                                                                                

Свойства

 

Подлинность

1. Ионы натрия –

2. Специфическая реакция на остаток метансульфоната натрия.

 

 

    CH3 – N –       -CH3                       CH3 – N –       – CH3 

              /                                              to           /

NaO3S – CH2              N –CH3 + HCl →       H              N – CH3 +

                  //                                                           //                                                                                   

                O   N                                               O   N

                            |                                                            |                  

                           C6H5                                                       C6H5                                                                                               

                                  О

                                   //

+ SO2 ↑ + H – C = O ↑ + NaCl

Реакция на остаток формальдегида -

 

                                                      O

HOOC –         – H                   ||              H –         – COOH H2SO4                     

                          +   H – C – H +                                         →

HO –                                                                                – OH

                                                   

            HOOC –         – CH2 –          – COOH    H2SO4                  

→                                                                                    →

                  HO –                                    – OH

            HOOC –         – CH =         – COOH                         

→                                                                                    

                  HO –                                   = O

 

3.

 

 

4.

 

5.

 

Экспресс-анализ

1.

2.

 

Количественное определение

    Метод                                              , способ

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

 


                                                                                                           H

                                                                                                              \ +

    CH3 – N –       -CH3                            CH3 – N –       – CH3 

              /                                                                  /

NaO3S – CH2              N –CH3 + I2 +2 H2O→    H              N – CH3 I +

                  //                                                               //                                                                                    

                O   N                                                   O   N

                            |                                                                |                  

                           C6H5                                                          C6H5                                                                                           

                           моль                    экв.

                                           О

                                         //

+ NaHSO4    + H – C = O + HI

 

  f экв. =                   M 1/ z =  

 

Применение

        

 

Хранение

     

        

 

 

Бутадион

Butadionum

Phenylbutazone *

                H

     C4H9 –      = O                                 

                                                                      

                              N – C 6 H 5                   

      //                                     1,2-дифенил -4-бутилпиразолидиндион- 3,5

         O    N                                         

                     |                                                                                     

                    C 6 H 5

                                                                                         

Свойства

 

 

                H

     C 4 H 9 –      = O                      C 4 H 9 –      – OH

                                                                     

                              N – C 6 H 5     ↔                         N – C 6 H 5

            //                                                   //                                   

         O   N                                         O   N

                     |                                                     |             

                    C6H5                                              C6H5

               

     C4H9 –      – OH                                C4H9 –      – ONa

                                                                      

                              N – C6H5 + NaOH →                       N – C6H5 + H2O

            //                                                             //                      

     O    N                                                    O   N

                     |                                                               |                

                    C 6 H 5                                                    C 6 H 5

Подлинность

1.

 

H

C4H9 –      – O                                   C4H9 –      – ONa   

                                                                      

                    N – C6H5 + NaOH →                       N – C6H5 + H2

  //                                                             //                    

 O   N                                                   O    N

           |                                                               |                

          C6H5                                                       C6H5

C4H9 –      – ONa                                 C4H9 –      – O-                

                                                                      

2                  N – C6H5 + CuSO4 →                          N – C6H5 Cu ↓

  //                                            - Na2SO4         //                                        

 O   N                                                      O  N

           |                                                                  |                  2   

          C6H5                                                           C6H5

 

2.

 

               H

     C4H9 –      = O        + H2SO4                     

                                           + NaNO2                        [O]

                              N – C6H5 → NH – NH → N = N   

           //                                          |    |               |       |         

         O   N                                 C6H5 C6H5           C6H5 C6H5   

                     |                                                                                     

                    C6H5

3.

4.

Экспресс-анализ

1.

2.

3.

 

 

Количественное определение

Метод                                             , способ  

Метод основан на

Методика:

 

    H

     C4H9 –      = O                         C4H9 –      – OH                 

                                                                      

                              N – C6H5    ↔                         N – C6H5

            //                                                   //                                                                    

         O   N                                         O   N

                     |                                                     |                           

                    C6H5                                              C6H5

     C4H9 –      – OH                                C4H9 –      – ONa                               

                                                                      

                              N – C6H5 + NaOH →                       N – C6H5 + H2O               

            //                                                             //                                                      

         O   N                                                   O  N

                     |                                                               |                

                    C6H5                                                       C6H5

                моль                                  экв.                    

f экв. =         M 1/ z =  

Применение

 

 

Хранение

 

        

 





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