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2- .

.. (1850): .

: , , .

, = nst = nst, (- ), , V=nst = nst ΔF (- ).

2- : , , . :

ΔG0.. = ∑ΔG0 (. ) ∑ΔG0 (. .)

ΔG0 = Δ0 ΔS0,

ΔS0.. = ∑ΔS0(.) ∑ΔS0(.)

ΔG0. = Δ0 ΔS0.

.

. . , , , .. : , ; , .

. . ( ), ( ), , , ..

, =const (- ) - ( ) G = TS

ΔG = Δ T Δ S

ΔG = 0 ;

ΔG < 0 ; ΔG > 0 .

ΔG Δ TΔS. :

 

Δ = 0 T Δ S > 0 ΔG = T Δ S ΔG < 0
Δ < 0 T Δ S = 0 ΔG = Δ ΔG < 0
Δ < 0 T Δ S > 0 ΔG = Δ T Δ S ΔG < 0
Δ > 0 T Δ S < 0 ΔG = Δ + T Δ S ΔG > 0
Δ < 0 T Δ S < 0 ΔG = Δ T Δ S ΔG < 0, ΔG > 0, ΔG = 0
Δ > 0 T Δ S > 0 ΔG = Δ T Δ S ΔG < 0, ΔG > 0, ΔG = 0

 

T,V = const, -

( ) F = U TS ΔF = ΔU TΔS.

:

- ;

- ;

- ;

- .

 

 

1. , . .

2. , . . , .

3. -, .

4. . . / / . .

5. . .

 

1. - : l23() + 32() = 2l()3()

:

Δ0, / ΔS0, /( )

l23() = 1676, 8 50,95

l()3() = 1277,0 82,9

2() = 286,02 70,0

: 1- Δ0..:

Δ0.. = 2Δ0(l()3()) - Δ0(l23()) - 3Δ0(2()) = 19,14 /.

ΔS0.. = 2ΔS0(l()3()) - ΔS0(l23()) - 3ΔS0(2()) = 95,15 /( ) = - 0,09515 /.

ΔG0 = Δ0 TΔS0 = 19,14 298 (0,09515) = 9,215 /.

: ΔG0 = 1706,93 /, .. .

 





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