, , . . ,
.
( ) :
.
( ), .
( a ) , , . . , , . .
( . ):
, | (24) |
, /.
, , 1 a 1. : . = a2´ , ࠠ
. | (25) |
, (. . ) .
(. . , , ) , . , (, ) CH3COO , ,
CH3COOH Û CH3COO + H+
.
, .
, ( ) . , ( ), , , , , , , . i , . Δ :
|
|
, | (26) |
,
n .. ,
n - ,
i .
Δt. Δt. (27) (28):
(27) | |
, | (28) |
m ;
K .
, (., ) :
, | (29) |
, /;
R (8,314 );
, .
, i Δ, Δt., Δt., ., , , .
i a (30) (31):
, | (30) |
. | (31) |
k , ( KCl k = 2, l2 Na2SO4 k = 3 . .).
, Δ, Δt., Δt., . i, . , a , . .
, , , () , . (/) :
, | (32) |
γ ( ).
2. - (ά) , . - ά 30 %, - 3 %. - , (l, HNO3, H2SO4),
( NH41).
, . :
3 CH 3 COO¯ + +,
:
2, NH4OH, H2S, H2CO3, HNO2, CH3COOH.