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Unit 4.




1. ?

2. ?

3. ?

4. ?

5. ?

6. ?

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

I. General vocabulary

1. administrative law -

2. appeal

3. bailment , , , ,

4. to be empowered ,

5. to be entitled to an attorney

6. to carry out functions

7. case law -

8. constitutional law

9. constitutional safeguard ,

10. crime-

11. criminal

12. criminal code

13. criminal law

14. to decide lawsuits -

15. to deal with / to be concerned with - -,

16. disputes among citizens

17. disputes between citizens and the state

18. domestic laws

19. drawing up of documents ,

20. enactment of laws

21. to enforce and protect rights

22. the equality of individuals

23. family law

24. a federal law

25. functions of interpretation and application of the law

26. immunity -

income tax law

27. international/ civil law /

28. issues and disputes

29. jurisprudence , ,

30. judicial bodies

31. judicial review- /

32. juvenile delinquency

33. labor law- ( )

34. law ,

35. Law of Contracts

36. law and order

37. law of Torts

38. legal system

39. legal procedure

40. the local authority ;

41. lawmaking (legislative) functions-

42. under new / existing/ current legislation /

43. matters under ones jurisdiction , -

44. penitentiary system

45. private property

46. procedural criminal law -

47. Probate Law

48. to predicate upon

49. public and private law

50. to resolve controversies

51. suit

52. the three-layer federal court system

53. UN peacekeeping forces

54. The UN Charter-

55. to violate constitutional provisions

56. wrongdoing ,

II. Courts

57. the court of appeal

58. the court of claims

59. The Court of Customs and Patent Appeals

60. district courts ,

61. a lower / higher court /

62. court- martial

63. federal courts

64. the magistrate courts

65. probate courts

66. Supreme Court

67. superior courts

68. The Tax Court

 

III. Crimes

69. to appropriate property

70. an abuse of ones powers ,

71. arson

72. assault ;

73. assault and battery

74. to break the law

75. bribery

76. burglary

77. commit arson

78. commit a crime

79. embezzlement ,

80. extortion

81. felony

82. forgery ,

83. fraud ,

84. highjacking

85. hostage taking

86. housebreaking

87. kidnapping

88. manslaughter

89. misdemeanour ,

90. money laundering

91. mug (mugging) ( )

92. murder / homicide

93. offence ,

94. personal injury/ bodily harm

95. rape

96. robbery

97. shoplifting

98. slander

99. speeding

100. theft

IV. Investigation

101. (to issue an) arrest / search warrant /

102. aggravating circumstances

103. alibi

104. attenuating/ mitigating circumstances

105. case

106. civil cases / criminal cases /

107. to cross-examine witnesses

108. detain

109. to examine witnesses

110. evidence

111. indictment/ charge

112. irrefutable evidence

113. preventive detention cell

114. suspect

115. testimony

116. the case is in process / under investigation

117. the probe is going on

118. unreliable evidence - .,

119. witness

120. witness for the prosecution / defence /

V. Lawsuit

121. accused

122. the accused is guilty or not of the crime he is charged with ,

123. associate justices

124. Attorney General BrE , AmE

125. bailiff

126. a barrister- ;

127. bring a case (against smb)

128. the bulk of judicial work is conducted by -

129. Chief Justice ,

130. close / dismiss a case ;

131. complainant / plaintiff

132. counterclaims ,

133. courtroom

134. custody ,

135. (defence) councellor / attorney

136. defendant

137. default judgment

138. to enter a motion-

139. file a complaint / lawsuit against smb / -

140. file for a divorce

141. found guilty / innocent /

142. in the dock

143. institute court proceedings against -

144. to impose sentence

145. justice of peace

146. judge

147. jury

148. jury box

149. a just verdict ,

150. litigation ,

151. magistrate ; ;

152. objections

153. offender ,

154. original jurisdiction

155. plead guilty / innocent to smth /

156. preliminary hearing-

157. prosecutor

158. to remain in custody

159. review the case

160. sanction a case

161. a solicitor (.),

162. trials are held

163. to win / lose a case /

VI. Sanctions

164. Amnesty International

165. (be on) probation

166. be released on parole -

167. capital punishment

168. commute a sentence to smth

169. death penalty / sentence

170. execution

171. fine -

172. forfeiture ()

173. garnishment

174. life imprisonment

175. release on bail

176. to send smb to jail -

177. sentence

178. serve a sentence

179. suspended / probationary sentence

180. verdict -

 





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