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ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY
I. General vocabulary
1. administrative law -
2. appeal
3. bailment , , , ,
4. to be empowered ,
5. to be entitled to an attorney
6. to carry out functions
7. case law -
8. constitutional law
9. constitutional safeguard ,
10. crime-
11. criminal
12. criminal code
13. criminal law
14. to decide lawsuits -
15. to deal with / to be concerned with - -,
16. disputes among citizens
17. disputes between citizens and the state
18. domestic laws
19. drawing up of documents ,
20. enactment of laws
21. to enforce and protect rights
22. the equality of individuals
23. family law
24. a federal law
25. functions of interpretation and application of the law
26. immunity -
income tax law
27. international/ civil law /
28. issues and disputes
29. jurisprudence , ,
30. judicial bodies
31. judicial review- /
32. juvenile delinquency
33. labor law- ( )
34. law ,
35. Law of Contracts
36. law and order
37. law of Torts
38. legal system
39. legal procedure
40. the local authority ;
41. lawmaking (legislative) functions-
42. under new / existing/ current legislation /
43. matters under ones jurisdiction , -
44. penitentiary system
45. private property
46. procedural criminal law -
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47. Probate Law
48. to predicate upon
49. public and private law
50. to resolve controversies
51. suit
52. the three-layer federal court system
53. UN peacekeeping forces
54. The UN Charter-
55. to violate constitutional provisions
56. wrongdoing ,
II. Courts
57. the court of appeal
58. the court of claims
59. The Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
60. district courts ,
61. a lower / higher court /
62. court- martial
63. federal courts
64. the magistrate courts
65. probate courts
66. Supreme Court
67. superior courts
68. The Tax Court
III. Crimes
69. to appropriate property
70. an abuse of ones powers ,
71. arson
72. assault ;
73. assault and battery
74. to break the law
75. bribery
76. burglary
77. commit arson
78. commit a crime
79. embezzlement ,
80. extortion
81. felony
82. forgery ,
83. fraud ,
84. highjacking
85. hostage taking
86. housebreaking
87. kidnapping
88. manslaughter
89. misdemeanour ,
90. money laundering
91. mug (mugging) ( )
92. murder / homicide
93. offence ,
94. personal injury/ bodily harm
95. rape
96. robbery
97. shoplifting
98. slander
99. speeding
100. theft
IV. Investigation
101. (to issue an) arrest / search warrant /
102. aggravating circumstances
103. alibi
104. attenuating/ mitigating circumstances
105. case
106. civil cases / criminal cases /
107. to cross-examine witnesses
108. detain
109. to examine witnesses
110. evidence
111. indictment/ charge
112. irrefutable evidence
113. preventive detention cell
114. suspect
115. testimony
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116. the case is in process / under investigation
117. the probe is going on
118. unreliable evidence - .,
119. witness
120. witness for the prosecution / defence /
V. Lawsuit
121. accused
122. the accused is guilty or not of the crime he is charged with ,
123. associate justices
124. Attorney General BrE , AmE
125. bailiff
126. a barrister- ;
127. bring a case (against smb)
128. the bulk of judicial work is conducted by -
129. Chief Justice ,
130. close / dismiss a case ;
131. complainant / plaintiff
132. counterclaims ,
133. courtroom
134. custody ,
135. (defence) councellor / attorney
136. defendant
137. default judgment
138. to enter a motion-
139. file a complaint / lawsuit against smb / -
140. file for a divorce
141. found guilty / innocent /
142. in the dock
143. institute court proceedings against -
144. to impose sentence
145. justice of peace
146. judge
147. jury
148. jury box
149. a just verdict ,
150. litigation ,
151. magistrate ; ;
152. objections
153. offender ,
154. original jurisdiction
155. plead guilty / innocent to smth /
156. preliminary hearing-
157. prosecutor
158. to remain in custody
159. review the case
160. sanction a case
161. a solicitor (.),
162. trials are held
163. to win / lose a case /
VI. Sanctions
164. Amnesty International
165. (be on) probation
166. be released on parole -
167. capital punishment
168. commute a sentence to smth
169. death penalty / sentence
170. execution
171. fine -
172. forfeiture ()
173. garnishment
174. life imprisonment
175. release on bail
176. to send smb to jail -
177. sentence
178. serve a sentence
179. suspended / probationary sentence
180. verdict -