, , x,
.
2. m ¹ M. f () m x
(, b). 0.
.
, , , (, b) x, . ¨
: , , . ( . 5.17 ).
. 5.17
x1, x2, x3 , .
, f (a) = f (b) = 0:
f() [a, b], , , .
. , , .
f () [ a, b ] 1 (. 5.18).
. 5.18
, .
5.3.3.
( ). f (), [ a, b ] ( b). x
( < x < b), f¢ (x) f¢ (x) :
.
. F (x), , [ a, b ] F (a) = F (b). F (x)
,
l ( ) .
, l ,
,
.
.
,
.
, F (x) (, b) x, :
.
¨
. (a, b) x, , f (x) [ a, b ] ( 5.19).
. 5.19.
5.3.4.
( ). [a, b] f(x) j(x). [a, b] (a, b), , (a, b) x ( < x < b),
(1)
. (1).
(1), :
|
|
(1) j(b) ¹ j(a), , .
. F (x), . , , F (x) :
l .
f (x) j(x), , F (x) [ a, b ] (a, b).
, F (a) = F (b).
l :
.
,
[ a, b ].
, x ( < x < b), :
¨
, (. 5.20).
. 5.20
, , (1) . , x, (1) , .
[1; 2]?
f (x) , [1; 2], = 2 = 1. , , . , .
,
.
, . .
, . f (x) : , .
, ξ . . , .
,
.
:
.
,
.
, , :
.
, [1; 4] ξ.
f (x) g (x) , ,
[1; 4]; . , .
, :
.
, : . [1; 4].
5.3.5.
.
f (x) 0.
.
f(x) 0.
. f (x) e- 0 (n + 1) . - , 0, :
(1)
() - f(x) 0.
. r (x) . , . :
.
. r (x) j(x):
, (2)
1 , 0 . ,
.
, .
|
|
. (2), :
, (3)
2 0 1.
̳ , (3) ( + 1) :
,
k +1 0 k (k = 1, , n). ,
, (4)
,
.
= n + 1 , f (x) = T (x) + r (x), (1).
(1) , (4) .
(1) 0 = 0, , :
, 0 .
5.3.6.
1. г . , .
,
:
.
,
1, 2, , n , , ?
, , . , , 1, 2, , n.
f (x) :
.
,
:
. (7)
1, 2, , n δ. .
:
.
(7) ,
.
,
. (8)
1 - , . ³, k 1, k 2, , kn 1, δ = 1. 1 - 1 ( +10) .
(8)
.
:
.
, 10 5%.
5.3.7.
1.
. 0 = 0. :
(1) :
(9)
, = 1
:
.
: .
:
(10)
2.
. 0 = 0. :
, ;
, ;
, ;
, ;
;
.......................................................................................................
(1) (. 5.21)
(11)
.
. 5.21
, , 108 .
● , 108:
.
, .
n = 0, | ; |
n = 1, | ; |
n = 3, | ; |
n = 4, | ; |
n = 5, | . |
:
3. . 0 = 0.
:
, ;
, ;
, ;
, ;
, .
(1) :
(12)
1010.
● ,
.
,
●
5.3.8.
1. , .
, | ; |
, | ; |
, | ; |
, | . |
..........................................................................................................
(13)
. , .
.
●
;
.
.
, .
● ;
.
2.
, | ; |
, | ; |
; | |
, | ; |
, | ; |
(1)
|
|
(14)
5.3.9.
. .
,
.
,
.
,
ϳ :
(15)
.
.
(15) :
= , , , , , | 1,400 000 0000; 14 000 0000 210 0000 3 5000 |
1,414 213 5623 |
5.3.10.
, , . .
, . 0 1 = 0 + h, 0 = f (x) i y 1 =
= f (x 0) + Δ f,
(1)
. 5.22
. .
, .
= f (x) :
x | 2,04 | 2,08 | |
y | 2,42 | 2,88 | 3,38 |
1) f (2,008);
2) , f (x) = 3.
1) 0 = 2, f (x) = 2,42.
1 = 2,04, f (x 1) = 2,88;
h = x 1 x 0 = 2,04 2,0 = 0,04;
Δ f = f (x 1) f (x 0) = 2,88 2,42 = 0,46.
(1) :
.
2) , :
= φ() .
0 = 2,88; φ( 0) = 2,04;
1 = 3,38; φ( 1) = 2,08; h = y 1 y 0 = 3,38 2,88 = 0,50;
Dj = j(y 1) j(y 0) = 2,08 2,04 = 0,04.
(2) :
.
. , , .