һ
.
:
1. .
2. .
3. .
() -v T-s , - .
.
: , , .
, . , , mi ri :
mi = Mi / M; ri = Vi / V, (1.1)
Mi i - , Vi i- , M V .
,
1 + 2 ++n = M; m1 + m2 ++mn = 1, (1.2)
V1 + V2 ++ Vn = V; r1 + r2 ++rn = 1. (1.3)
, .
:
pV = MR. (1.4)
mR = 8314 /(×). (1.5)
i, , :
. (1.6)
, , 1 .
1
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1: mi i - ; 8314 /(×) ; Ri i - .
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. , , - 1 0 (). :
m, /(×);
, /(×);
/, /(3×). (1.7)
:
= m/m; / = m/ 22,4; / = ×r, (1.8)
r .
1 3 . , 1 3 (ρ = 101325 , = 273 ). 1 22,4 3/, - mR = 8314 /(×). ( = const V = const) v .
k = mcp/mcv = cp/cv. (1.9)
v
mp - mcv = mR = 8,314, /(×). (1.10)
, . 00 t , . , 1 t1 t2:
(1.11)
: cm1 cm2 00 t1 00 t2.
() V (3) , :
QV = M(cvm2 t2 cvm1t1) = V(c/vm2 t2 c/vm1 t1), ; (1.12)
QP = M(cpm2 t2 cpm1 t1) = V(c/pm2 t2 c/pm1 t1), . (1.13)
:
- 
;
- 
;
- 
. (1.14)
