- Our captain is said to know three foreign languages.
- The results of the experiment were considered to be good.
- The expedition was reported to return in June.
- The delegation is reported to have left Moscow.
- The ship is said to have been damaged in the storm.
- He seems to know history well.
- They seem to know each other.
- The results of the experiment proved to be good.
- The discovery proved to be very important.
- She seems to know English well.
- The building is reported to have been damaged by fire.
- Many people are reported to be homeless after the fire.
- The company is said to be losing a lot of money.
- They were seen to enter the University.
- The students were heard to laugh in the classroom.
- Milk is known to be very useful for children.
- The Moscow Underground is said to be the finest in the world.
- Your friend seems to fail all exams.
- A car was heard to stop outside the door.
- Our University is known to have a lot of simulators.
- Our football players are believed to win this game.
- The expedition is said to have reached Vladivostok.
- This day proved to be the happiest in his life.
- They are believed to finish loading by 7 p.m.
- The students didn’t prove to know English well.
- The climate in Siberia is considered to be sharply continental.
- This man is considered to be one of the best specialists in this field.
- The train isn’t expected to arrive in time.
- The water seems to be boiling.
- The engineers were supposed to have repaired the engine.
КУРС
Conditionals
(Условные предложения)
| Есть три типа условных предложений | |
| Условные предложения первого типа (First Conditional) - реальное действие | |
| If + present simple | Future |
| If уоu соmе at ten, | I will be ready tо start. |
| Если ты придешь в десять, | я 6уду готов отправиться. |
| If the weather is fine, | we will go for a walk |
| Если погода будет хорошей, | мы пойдем на прогулку. |
| Условные предложения второго типа (Second Conditional) – маловероятное или нереальное действие в настоящем и будущем | |
| if + past simple | would/could/might +indefinite infinitive |
| If you came at ten, | I would be ready to start. |
| Если бы ты пришел в десять, | я был бы готов отправиться. |
| If the weather were(was) fine, | we would go for а walk. |
| Если бы погода была хорошей, (сегодня завтра) | мы бы пошли на прогулку. |
| Условные предложения третьего типа (Third Conditional)- нереальное действие в прошлом | |
| if + past perfect | would/could/might +perfect infinitive |
| If you had соmе at ten | I would have been ready to start |
| Если бы ты пришел в десять | я был бы готов отправиться. |
| If the weather had been fine, | we would have gone for а walk. |
| Если бы погода была хорошей, | мы бы пошли на прогулку. |
Exercises:
1. Read and translate the conditional sentences of the first type:
- If she is late, we’ll go without her.
- If you see him, tell him to ring me up.
- If we work hard today, we can have a holiday tomorrow.
- If London airport is clear of fog, we’ll land there.
- Ice turns to water if you heat it.
- If you take a taxi now, you will not miss the train.
- If you go to bed late, you will be tired in the morning.
2. Put the verbs in brackets into the proper tense to make correct type I conditional sentences:
- If it gets too hot, I (to open) the window.
- I will finish the translation on time if you (to help) me.
- If you (to take) a taxi, you’ll get to the station earlier.
- They (to translate) the text if they have a dictionary.
- If he knows English well he (to read) English books in the original.
- If you book tickets in advance we (to go) to the theatre on Sunday.
3. Read and translate the conditional sentences of the second type:
- If you painted the walls white, the room would be brighter.
- They would help you if you asked.
- If I were you, I would give up smoking.
- If I were you, I would talk to him about my problem.
- If I had some time I would go skating.
- They would join you in fishing if they didn’t work at the weekend.
4. Put the verbs in brackets into the proper tense to make correct type II conditional sentences:
- If he (to be) rich, he would never work again.
- If I (to be) you, I would study for exams.
- He (to open) the door if he had the key.
- We (to paint) the house if we had the time.
- If she didn’t read so much, she (not to be) so clever.
- If I were a sailor, I (to sail) to Africa.
- If I had this book, I (to give) it to you.
- If my friend (to take) part in the competition he would win.
- I (to speak) English every day if I had a chance.
- If my friend (to come) now he would help us.
5. Read and translate the conditional sentences of the third type:
- If they had known you telephone number they would have phoned you long ago.
- If you had phoned me yesterday I wouldn’t have forgotten to bring the book.
- If they had packed the goods properly the cargo wouldn’t have been damaged.
- If he had spent more time on studies he wouldn’t have failed his exam.
- Had we finished the repairs yesterday we would have put to sea.
- They would have passed their exams well if they had worked hard during the term.
- If they had gone by car, they would have saved some time.
- If she hadn’t taken a taxi, she’d have been late.
Библиография
- Барановская Т.В., Грамматика английского языка, сборник упражнений. ООО “ИП Логос”, 2002. - 368с.
- Бобин В.И. Справочник судоводителя по ведению дел и документации на английском языке. – М.: Транспорт, 1999. – 296 с.
- Бобровский В.И. Деловой английский язык для моряков. - М.: Высшая школа, 1984. - 316 с. Переизд. ООО Моркнига, 2005.
- Гогина Н.А. Практическая грамматика английского языка для моряков, сборник упражнений. Транслит. Москва. -2007. - 221с.
- Кочарян Ю.Г. Профессиональный английский язык в судовождении. – М.: Моркнига, 2013. – 234 с.
6. Монастырская О.И., Дорошенко Л.П. Профессиональный английский язык в судовождении. – Одесса, Феникс, 2008. – 190 с.
7. Петрова Н.И.Professional English:учебное пособие. – Владивосток: Мор. гос. Ун-т, 2004. – 80 с.
- Сичкарёв В.И., Цибульская Е.В. Новые информационные технологии в судовождении. Системы НАВАРЕА и НАВТЕКС.. Методические указания по курсам «Управление судном, Специальный английский язык». - Новосибирск, НГАВТ, 1996. - 53 с.
9. Стандартные фразы ИМО для общения на море. – С-Пб.: ЗАО ЦНИИМФ, 1997. – 476 с.
10. Учебник английского языка для высших морских учебных заведений. С-Пб.: АОЗТ «Норма-пресс» 1993. – 470 с.
