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, "/?", .
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. , , , , . .
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, , , - .
, , , , , , . , .
, ; () ().
3.
1.
n j (j=1,n). m . i- bi (i=1,3). i- j- ij . j- j . , , .
C1 | C2 | C3 | bi | |
cj | ||||
A1j | ||||
A2j | ||||
A3j |
2.
.
maxZ = 3.6x1 0.2x12 + 0.8x2 0.2x22 (292)
2x1 + x2 ≥ 10
x12 -10x1 + x2 ≤ 75 (293)
x2 ≥ 0
3.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) .
:
1) , ;
2) , b;
3) , .. .
:
) q;
) ;
) .
1 | 2 | 3 | |
a | |||
b | |||
c | |||
q | 0.3 | 0.45 | 0.25 |
λ = 0.7
4.
|
|
n j (j=1,n). m . i- bi (i=1,3). i- j- ij . j- j . , , .
C1 | C2 | C3 | bi | |
cj | ||||
a1j | ||||
a2j | ||||
a3j |
, :
7x1 + 5x2 + 8x3 ≥ 70
8x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 ≥ 40
9x1 + 6x2 + 7x3 ≥ 50
x1 ≥ 0; x2 ≥ 0; x3 ≥ 0
F = 9x1 + 6x2 + 7x3 → min (294)
aij, c :
S(y1,y2,y3) = 70y1 + 40y2 + 50y3 → max, (295) :
7y1 + 8y2 + 9y3 ≥ 9
5y1 + 2y2 + 6y3 ≥ 6
8y1 + 3y2 + 7y3 ≥ 7
y1 ≥ 0; y2 ≥ 0; y3 ≥ 0
, :
7y1 + 8y2 + 9y3 + y4 ≥ 9
5y1 + 2y2 + 6y3 + y5 ≥ 6
8y1 + 3y2 + 7y3 + y6 ≥ 7
y1≥0;y2≥0;y3≥0;y1≥0;y2≥0;y3≥0
S(y1,y2,y3) = 70y1 + 40y2 + 50y3 → max (296)
, :
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y6
:
. | 0 | y1 | y2 | y3 | y4 | y5 | y6 | |
y4 | ||||||||
y5 | ||||||||
y6 | ||||||||
-70 | -40 | -50 |
:
0 | y1 | y2 | y3 | y4 | y5 | y6 | ||
y4 | 23/8 | 43/8 | 23/8 | -7/8 | ||||
y5 | 13/8 | 1/8 | 13/8 | -5/8 | ||||
y1 | 7/8 | 3/8 | 7/8 | 1/8 | ||||
245/4 | -55/4 | 45/4 | 35/4 |
:
0 | y1 | y2 | y3 | y4 | y5 | y6 | ||
Y2 | 23/43 | 23/43 | 8/43 | -7/43 | ||||
y5 | 67/43 | 67/43 | -1/43 | -26/43 | ||||
y1 | 29/43 | 29/43 | -3/43 | 8/43 | ||||
2950/43 | 800/43 | 110/43 | 280/43 |
Δ . Smax = 2950/43 : y1 = 29/43; y2 = 23/43; y3 = 0.
: Fmin = Smax = 2950/43.
, :
y4 x1 = 110/43 y5 x2 = 0 y6 x3 = 280/43
: 2950/43 110/43 C1, 280/43 C3, C2 .
5.
.
maxZ = 3.6x1 0.2x12 + 0.8x2 0.2x22 (297)
2x1 + x2 ≥ 10
x12 -10x1 + x2 ≤ 75
x2 ≥ 0
. .
, . x1 x2, -0.2:
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-5Z = x12 -18x1 + x22 4x2
, :
92 22 85:
85 5Z = (x1 9)2 + (x2 2)2 (298)
, X1OX2. O (9;2). .
/. :
Zx1x1 Zx1x2 = -0.4 0
Zx2x1 Zx2x2 0 -0.4
.
-0.4 < 0.
0.16 > 0.
.. , Z - . max, , .
:
x12 10x1 + x2 ≤ 75
x12 10x1 + 25 + x2 ≤ 100
(x1 5)2 + x2 ≤ 100
(x1 5)2 ≤ 100 x2
(x1 5)2 = 100 x2 x1* x2*:
x1* = x1 5
x2* = 100 x2
: x1*2 = x2*.
X1*O*X2* .
165
165 ABCD. , Z . , :
max Z = Z(O) = Z(9;2) = 17
6
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) .
:
1) , ;
2) , b;
3) , .. .
:
) q;
) ;
) .
1 | 2 | 3 | |
a | |||
b | |||
c | |||
q | 0.3 | 0.45 | 0.25 |
λ = 0.7
, j , i :
1 | 2 | 3 | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 |
). ; ). ; ). , , .
). : q1 = 0.3; q2 = 0.45; q3 = 0.25
|
|
.
: `ai = ∑aij×qj
`a1 = -11.7 `a2 = -14.15 `a3 = -13.4
1 | 2 | 3 | `ai | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 | -11.7 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 | -14.15 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 | -13.4 |
qj | 0.3 | 0.45 | 0.25 |
: max ai = `a1 = -11.7 .
). ;
.
: `ai = 1/3∑aij
`a1 = -12.3 `a2 = -14.3 `a3 = -14
1 | 2 | 3 | `ai | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 | -12.3 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 | -14.3 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 | -14 |
: max ai = `a1 = -12.3 .
). .
.
. di . , .. di.
1 | 2 | 3 | di | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 | -15 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 | -20 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 | -18 |
max di = d1 = -15 .
.
βj.
1 | 2 | 3 | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 |
βj | -13 | -9 | -11 |
, : rij = βj - aij
max ri | |||
, : min r = r1 = 4 .
.
di βj.
1 | 2 | 3 | di | βj | χi | |
1 | -13 | -9 | -15 | -15 | -9 | -13.2 |
2 | -20 | -12 | -11 | -20 | -11 | -17.3 |
3 | -18 | -10 | -14 | -18 | -10 | -15.6 |
χi = λ × di + (1 λ) × βj λ = 0.7
: max χi = χ1 = -13.2 .
7.
, 1 2. , .
1 2 1 2 ( ) . , A1 2.
, (. 60), A1, 2 - ; 1, 2 - , .
60.
2 1 | 1 | 2 | ai |
1 | 0,3 | 0,8 | 0,3 |
2 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,4 |
bj | 0,7 | 0,8 |
g, .. , A1 2.
2.2
:
11 = 0,3; 12 = 0,8; 21 = 0,7; 22 = 0,4.
:
a1 = 0,3; a2 = 0,4; a = 0,4; b1=0,7; b2 = 0,8; b = 0,7.
,
(293)
(294)
2.
a = 0,4 (40%) .
g, pl 2 (. 166).
. 166.
:
1. .
2. 1.
3. 1 2.
4. b11b12, 11, 21.
5. b21b22, 12, 22.
6. b11b12 b21b22. g.
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7. . 2, 1 = l 2.
:
1 = 0,375; (2.3)
2 = 0,625; (295)
g =0,55. (2.5)
. , , 1 37,5% , 2 - 62,5%. 55% .
8.