| Тип придаточного | Союзы, союзные слова | Примеры |
| Подлежащее | that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why | That she is being late is strange. It is strange that she is being late. Whether she will come is not definite. Why she hasn't come is strange. |
| Предикативное | that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why | The problem is that she hasn't come. The question is whether she will come. The question is when she may come. |
| Дополнительное | that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why | I asked her if she would come. She said that she would be late. I asked her why she was late. I want to know whose pen it is. |
| Определительное | who, whom, whose, what, which, that ‘который’, when, where, how, why | I have a brother who lives in Vologda. The letter that I got yesterday cane too late. The student whose book I borrowed is away now. I want to return to the town where I was born. |
Окончание табл. 22
| Обстоятельствен-ное времени | when, while, as (когда, в то время как), till / until, after, before, since (с тех пор как), as soon as (как только) | When he comes, let me know. I'l talk to you as soon as I am free. We haven't met since we finished school. Don't read while you are eating. |
| Обстоятельствен-ное причины | because, as (так как), since (поскольку), where | I was late because my car broke. I returned home as it was already late. Will you help us since you are free? |
| Обстоятельствен-ное условия | if ‘если’, in case ‘в случае если’, unless ‘если не’, provided (providing) ‘если только, в случае если’ | I'll translate the text if I get a good dictionary. I won't translate it, unless I get a good dictionary. We'll go to Moscow tomorrow provided we get the tickets. |
| Обстоятельствен-ное цели | so that, in order that ‘для того, чтобы’ | Go to the library, so that you could find the necessary books. |
| Обстоятельствен-ное уступки | though, although, even if, whatever, whoever, in spite of the fact, however, no matter how | Though he is busy, he will find time to help us. However busy he is, he will find time to help us. We'll go out for a walk even if it is very cold. |
| Обстоятельствен-ное сравнения | than, as … as, not so … as, as if | He was older than I expected. He was not as young as I expected. She spoke English so well as if she had lived in England for years. |
Упражнения
Упр. 120. Переведите на русский язык сложноподчиненные предложения. Определите тип придаточного предложения.
1. We thought they had left Moscow. 2. Nobody knew he was ill. 3. The shop we buy vegetables from is closed on Mondays. 4. All he said is true. 5. He showed me the letter he had received from his friend. 6. He showed us everything he bought there. 7. Who is the man Mr. Williams is speaking to? 8. The girl you saw in the garden is my sister's daughter. 9. I don't know when she is leaving. 10. Were he in town he would help us. 11. When I entered the room I saw my mother and a strange woman. 12. The doctor they sent for will be here in half an hour. 13. When the sun rose we began our trip. 14. Whereas planning is concerned with the future, control is concerned with the past. 15. Here is the book she spoke about yesterday. 16. I was sure he knew Mr Williams had returned. 17. If they had called at the office yesterday, they would have found me there. 18. He spoke slowly so that I could understand him. 19. I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 20. If he comes tomorrow, he will help us. 21. He moved slowly as if he were blind. 22. I am late because I missed the morning train. 23. What you say is very interesting. 24. I know that they live in Minsk. 25. It was dark when he was in the street after the play. 26. You must be careful when you cross the street. 27. You mustn't cross the street when the light is red. 28. Tom couldn't do his homework because he had to visit his sick friend. 29. What you say is very interesting.
Упр. 121. Вставьте пропущенные союзы или союзные слова и определите вид придаточного предложения.
1. Many people believe... 13 is a very unlucky number. 2. She woke up... her mother was cooking breakfast. 3. Very soon Mary will go to college, she will be living away from home... she will be starting a career. 4. You must consult a doctor... you are not well. 5. Go to the post office... you want to send a telegram. 6. I have bought a book... has many stories about the Great Patriotic War. 7.... I live far from school I take a bus. 8.... Robinson Crusoe was eighteen years old he went to the city of Hull and there he met a boy... he knew. 9. I know … he will come soon. 10. My sister … lives in London visited us last year. 11. I think … you and I will be able to work together well. 12. The book … you gave me is very interesting. 13. He felt much better … he had had a cup of tea. 14. We got wet … we didn't have any umbrellas. 15. He can't believe … he made such a stupid mistake. 16. She wanted to know the reason … I couldn't come to the party.
Упр. 122. Употребите глагол в скобках в нужной форме (настоящего или будущего времени) и скажите, какое придаточное предложение вводится “if” или “when”.
1. I don't know if I (to find) this book but if I (to buy) it it will be a good birthday present for my friend. 2. Does he know when they (to go) on the excursion? 3. I'll give this book to you when I (to finish) reading it. 4. Will you go to the skating rink if he (to ask) you to? 5. We don't know when she (to come) to us but when she (to come) we'll invite her to the party.
