.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


flight home




So long/ciao/bye

We'll be expecting you

Now it's your turn to visit us/We are

waiting/expecting your visit

! Come visit us/our country!

, , . , - , , , , ( ..)

... propose a toast to...

/ ...

/ I raise my glass to...

...

... Let's drink to/Let's toast

... Here's to you...

your health

your success

our hostess

our guests

those who are not/cannot be here

With us ,

peace and friendship between/

among
! (depending on how many people

are involved!) our peoples!

! the success of (whatever pro-

ject)/Good luckl (If seeing someone off)/AII the best!

! Happy Birthday!

! Bottoms up!

! One for the road!



/ ...

...

... /

/ / /

, / /

/


Thank you/I am grateful for/

I appreciate/ your congratulations

and kind words

And I wish to raise my glass to the hospitable organizers of our meeting/ conference...

who made our meeting possible/ brought about our meeting/without whom our meeting would have been impossible

We would like to thank you for your consideration/help/thoughtfulness/ for the warm/friendly reception/ welcome/for your heartfelt congratulations

We hope that our meetings will advance/promote/further the development of/developing/ strengthening friendly contacts

We are most happy/delighted to accept/We accept with gratitude your invitation



1. , , !

.

. , .


1. Mr. Minister, Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen!

First of all, speaking personally and on behalf of my delegation, I should like to thank you most warmly/sincerely for the invitation to this reception.

In/during/over the past few days we have felt/received/experienced great friendship and warmth, and have seen for ourselves/ gotten to know (become convinced of is awkward) the high/ advanced/sophisticated level of your scientific research. We have gained much valuable experience/ learned much which will stimulate/encourage our (own) work.

In/during/over the past few days we have felt/received/experienced great friendship and warmth, and have seen for ourselves/gotten to know (become convinced of is awkward) the high/ advanced/sophisticated level of your scientific research. We have gained much valuable experience/learned much which will stimulate/encourage our (own) work.



, , .

, . .

( ).

2. !

!

, . , .

, - , , .

, , , , .


But we have been most/especially / particularly/above all impressed by your people/ for it is their hard work/ diligence/willingness to work, knowledge and skill which have led to/resulted in/enabled you to achieve great success in building your country/whose hard work... has lea to.../and ("and" is a good device when interpreter does not know what is coming) their hard work which has led to great success in building your country.

Such success/achievements were possible only because of the exemplary manner in which your government supports science and education/ because of me outstanding/ unique/extraordinary/remarkable support given/shown by your government for science and education. We most warmly/ sincerely congratulate you on these outstanding/ remarkable achievements/ successes.

Allow me to/Permit me to/I should like to raise my glass to/offer/ make a toast to your health and to our further joint projects/ work/successful cooperation/cooperative projects.

2. Mr. General Secretary, ladies and gentlemen,

We have spent five wonderful sunny days in this country, sunny both literally and figuratively, because of the/ thanks to the warmth/cordial welcome and hospitality shown us/we have received ("of people" is awkward). We were all deeply touched/ moved by your generous friendship/generous display of friendship/the generous friendship shown us.

Our talks with you, Mr. General Secretary, and with your colleagues, as well as with many people from an walks of life/many different people ("representatives of all strata of the population" is awkward) have given/ provided us with a better understanding of the ideals and policies of your country.

Although our stay in your country /here/in this land has been very brief/ short, we have seen/ were able to see what remarkable/outstanding progress your country has made/success your country has achieved in science, technology, industry and raising the standard of living/improving the quality of people's lives.



!

, . , , 1.


Ladies and gentlemen:

On behalf of all of us I should like to thank you for your hospitality, and also for the elegant/impressive reception in this ancient town hall. I should like to ask you to raise your glasses/to join me in a toast to the health of the General Secretary, to further scientific success/achievements, and to strengthening cooperation between our peoples in a constructive spirit/in a spirit of humanistic ideals ("in a spirit of humanism" is awkward).



1. . Daniel Gile, "An Overview of Conference Interpretation Research and Theory,"
Languages at Crossroads: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference, American Translators
Association, Seattle, Washington, 12-16 Oct. 1988 (Medford, N.J.: Learned Information, Inc.,
1988), pp. 363-371.

2. cm. D. Gerver, "A Psychological Approach to Simultaneous Interpretation," Meta, 20,
2 (1975), 119, Gile, Ibid., p. 366.

3. .., . ,
23 (1989), . 4.

4. ... (: , 1975), . 11.

5. Brian Harris, Prolegomenon to a Study of the Differences Between Teaching Translation
and Teaching Interpreting, in L'enseignement de I'interpretation et de la traduction, ed. Jean
Delisle (Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 1981), pp. 158-159.

6. , . 157.

7. Edrnond , La traduction dans le monde moderne (Geneva: Librairie de PUniversite,
1956), p. 146.

8. ( , )
,
, , , ,
, , .
,
.

9. , ,
: (
),
( ) (
). .., (:
, 1987), . 8.

 

10. Doreen Mangan, "What's New in Language Translation: New Popularity as Markets
Become More Global," The New York Times, 19 November 1989, p. F 15.

11. Richard W. Brislin, ed., Translation: Applications and Research (New York: Gardner
Press, 1976), p. 27.

12. Michael Kernan, "Voices in the Midst of History: The Summit Interpreters and Their
Subtle, Indispensable Way with Words," The Washington Post, 7 December 1987, p. D 8.

13. Marjorie Smith, "My Turn: A Matter of Interpretation," Newsweek, 14 December 1987, p. 9.

14. E.Weintraub, M.Lederer, J.De Clarens, "Enseigner Interpretation," Etudes de linguistique
appliquee,
12 (OctoberNovember 1973), p. 121.

15. David Gerver, "Empirical Studies of Simultaneous Interpretation: A Review and a
Model," in Brislin, op. cit., p. 176.

16. ... : , , (: , 1988),
. 25-26.


17. ...
() .
. -
12-14 1970 ., . II (, 1970), . 125.

18. ..,
. , 23, (1989), . 92.

19. Soviet Translation into English. Summary of General Criticisms (Moscow Foreign
Languages Publishing House: 195256), quoted in .,
"" (
)
: , . 1
(: .
, 1975), . 139.

20. Moscow News, English-language edition, 5 February 1989.

21. ... , (:
, 1988).

22. . TAALS Yearbook 1987 (Washington, D.C., 1987), p. 10.

23. Alain L. Sanders, "Libertad and Justicia for all," Time, 29 May 1989, p. 65.

24. Kernan, M., "Voices in the Midst of History," p. D8.

25. Hilaire Belloc, On Translation (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1931), p. 20.

26. Georganne \\feller, "Bilingualism and Interpretation: An Under-Exploited Field of Study
for Research," in Languages at Crossroads: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference, American
Translators Association,
1988, p. 409.

27. ...
. , 20 (1983), . 67.

I. I. ?

1. .: ..,
(: , 1978), . 38; .,
, ( , 1 (1963), . 21-26; Jean Herbert, "How
Conference Interpreting Grew," in Gerver and Sinaiko, op. cit., pp. 5-10; Henry Van Hoof,
Theorie et pratique de interpretation, op. cit., pp. 923; Patricia E. Longley, Conference
Interpreting
(London: Pitman, 1968), pp. 15.

2. , , , 14 1988, . 38.

3. ., , . 20.

4. .., , . 5, ..,
, . 4- (: , 1983), . 154155. .
Vladimir Grebenschikov, "Traductions, theories et traducteurs en URSS," Meta, 12, I
(1967), 3-8.

5. ., op. cit., p. 22.

6. ... .
, 4 (1967), . 84.

7. . .., . 155.

8. ... .
, , 18 (1981), . 89.


9. , . 90.

10. Robert V. Ekvall, Faithful Echo (New York: Twayne, 1960), p. 69.

11. Constantin Andronikof, "Servitudes et grandeur de 1'interprete," Babel, \ (1962), p. 8;
and Christiane de Morawitz, "Sur 1'enseignement de I'interpretation de conference," Babel, 3
(1966), p. 138.

12. C.Dostert, Proceedings of the Washington Conference in International
Communications
(typescript), 4 January 1956, p. 31.

13. ... (: , 1973), . 63.

14. Andronikof, p. 138.

15. ... . ,
18 (1981), . 9.

16. Ekvall, op. cit., pp. 70-71.

17. ...
. , 20 (1983), . 69.

18. Ekvall, p. 70.

19. E.Vvfeintraub, Enseigner I'lnterpretation, Etudes de imguistique appliquie, 12 (1973), p. 113

20. , . 110.

21. .., op. cit., p. 69.

22. D.Seleskovitch, "Interpretation, a Psychological Approach to Translating," Brislin,
pp. 98-99.

23. ... (
). (,
1979), . 27.

24. . Barik, op. cit.; ..,
;
... (: , 1979), . 7879;

25. F.Goldman-Eisler, "Segmentation of input in simultaneous interpretation," Journal of
Psycholinguistic Research,
1 (1972a), pp. 127-140; ..-.

(: , 1976), . 125; P.Oleeron and H.Nampon, Recherches sur la traduc-
tion simultanee, Journal de psychologic normale et pathologique, 1 (1965), pp. 7394. Lederer
(La traduction simultanee: experience et theorie (Paris: Lettres Modernes/Minard 1981) p. 240.

26. Barik, p. 282; Gerver, "Empirical Studies of Simultaneous Interpretation: A Review and
a Model," in Brislin, 172174; .., , . 3854;
, ., 23.

27. . .., , . 5370;
,
. 129138;

28. .., .

29. .., ...
. .
1214 1970 ., . 1
(: .
, 1970), . 112113; Gerver, Empirical Studies of Simultaneous Interpretation,
Brislin, pp. 194-196.

30. .., , . 187.

31. . Wolfram Wiss, "Syntactic Anticipation in German-English Simultaneous
Interpreting," in Gerver and Sinaiko, pp. 343352; Henri Van Hoof, Thiorie et pratique de I'in
terpretation, op. cit.,
p. 66.

32. ... . ,
18 (1981), . 8.


33. ... .
: ,
. 127 (1978), . 135.

34. Henri Bank, "A description of various types of omissions, additions, and errors
encountered in simultan;ous interpretation," Meta, 16 (1971), 119-128; Barik, diss., op. /,
pp. 85-90.

35. . : (: , 1987),
. 122.

36. ...
, , 18 (1981), . 92.

37. . Danica Seleskovitch, L'interprete dans les conferences Internationales (Paris: Lettres
Modernes/Minard, 1968), pp. 50-51.

38. cm. B.V. Bratus et al., Russian Word-Collocations (Moscow: Russian Language Publishers,
1979).

39. Danica Seleskovitch, "Language and Cognition," in Gerver and Sinaiko, p. 333.

40. Danica Seleskovitch, Langage, langue et memolre (Paris: Lettres Modernes/ Minard,
1975), p. 41.

41. ...
, . 3
(: , 1982), . 2021.

42. , . 9.

43. Moscow News, 5 1989.

44. Stephanie Van Reigersberg, Kernan, "Voices in the Midst of History," The
Washington Post, 1
1987, . D 8.

45. . Seleskovitch, "Interpretation: a Psychological Approach to Translating," in Brislin,

p. Ill; David Gerver, "Empirical Studies of Simultaneous Interpretation: A Review and a Model," in Brislin, p. 198; .., , . 1; .., , , 23 (1989), . 1820.





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