, . , , . , , . , , , .
(-) {Black English), . , , . , ( , , american standard English), . , (Williams, 1970).
, (Labov, 1970). , , , . , () , : I be sick ( ) . , / be sick, : Ihave been sick and still am feeling sick ( ). , , , . ; .
? , , . , , . : , , , .