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. ( ). , ( , ) slowed down the car turned round the corner : slowed down the car when he turned round the corner. As he slowed down the car, he turned round the corner. While he turned round the corner he slowed down the car. He had slowed down the car before he turned round the corner. He didn't slow down the car though he was turning round the corner. Although He slowed down the car he didn't turn round the corner. Although he turned round the corner he didn't slow down the car. He wouldn't have slowed down the car if he hadn't turned round the corner. : He slowed down the car so that he could turn round the corner. . .

: slowed down the car, for he had to turn round the corner. He had to turn round the corner, so he slowed down the car. He slowed down the car, but he didn't turn round the corner. He slowed down the car, then he turned round the corner. He had to turn round the corner, or he would not have slowed down the car. . .

- : Turning round the corner he slowed down the car. He slowed down the car to turn round the corner. Having slowed down the car, he turned round the corner. Without slowing down the car he turned round the corner. He slowed down the car not turning round the corner. After slowing down the car he turned round the corner. . .

- : slowed down the car and turned round the corner. He had slowed down the car and was turning round the.corner. He turned round the corner but didn't slow down the car. He slowed down the car, turned round the corner. He slowed down the car, and then a turn round the corner. A turn round the corner but without slowing down the car! . .

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( ) (.: They stopped + The gate was closed → They stopped before the closed gate). , , . . , , . - . - . .

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: slowed down the car. He had to turn round the corner. ( .) : had to turn round the corner, and he slowed down the car. He had to turn round the corner, so he slowed down the car. He slowed down the car, for he had to turn round the corner. He slowed down the car, he had to turn round the corner. . . : slowed down the car because he had to turn round the corner. As he had to turn round the corner, he slowed down the car. . . - : had to turn round the corner and slowed down the car. He had to turn round the corner, so slowed down the car. He slowed down the car, had to turn round the corner. . . - : Having to turn round the corner, he slowed down the car. He slowed down the car having to turn round the corner. . . , , (- ) .

 

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, , ( ) , : (1) At that time Aunt Clementine was-herself preparing a breakfast of scrambled eggs and hot milk for her dearest little nephew Johnny in the kitchen. (2) The Aunt returned to find Johnny at table, finishing his breakfast.

101 (), 45 , . (), , , 120 , 54 , . 145 (120 24 ), , , 66 (54 10 ), .

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, , , . , ( ), , . -, - () : - , ( ), - (- ), ( ). : The aunt returned. The aunt found Johnny. Johnny was at table. Johnny was finishing his breakfast.

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4. - . , , . ( , . ) . , , , , ' (1931 .): You know, of course, that Joan of Arc was a young girl who was burnt. But I want you to get that out of your head; it is not really a matter of very great consequence to us now, the particular way in which she died, and the fact that she was burnt does not distinguish her at all, and does not explain why we are talking about her here tonight, although hundreds of thousands of women have been burnt, just as she was burnt, and yet they are quite forgotten and nobody talks about them.

: , , (...it is not really . .), , (...although hundreds of thousands of women...), (...and yet they are...) . -, , , 12 ( , ), .

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, , (, , ) ( . . [1973]). - , , , , . (Predicative Volume Factor). S ( . sentence), ( . base), ( FV) :

: And there, before three o'clock in the afternoon, the clerks were turning on the lights, and as often as not there would be fog in the air, murky and dismal, and a slow chugging journey home, daily bread-ers like himself sitting five abreast in a carriage, some of them with colds in their heads. (D. Maurier)

, , - were turning on would be, . , , , , , . : (1) The fog would be murky and dismal; (2) There would be a slow chugging journey home; (3) Daily bread-ers like himself would be sitting five abreast in a carriage; (4) Some of them would be sitting with colds in their heads.

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D ( , dependent), , , I ( . independent). ( , ). , , - ; (Dependency Factor) FD/I. :

 

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(FD/Iav . average), , : .

, 5 , :

FD/Iav2 = (0,5 + 0,5 + 0,75 + + 0,667 + 0,0): 5 = 0,483.

, - , , , ( , ). , (Semi-composition Factor). Dh ( h , half-, s . semi- S ). :

(. ): .

FDh/Iav, = (0,0 + 0,8): 2 = 0,4.

(. ):

FDh/Iav2 = (0,5 + 0,0 + 0,25 + 0,0 + 0,0):5 = 0,15. 140

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