: , ,
(37)
βV . .
[+20 ÷ 40] oC βV =3.02*10-41/.,
[+60 ÷ 80] oC βV =5.87*10-41/.
βV =(2 ÷.15)*10-41/.
: ,
: ,
, , ,
, ..4, 5:
- 19
χ:
/ (38)
Rc ;
k , k=l/S;
ρ , *.
λ=χ/ , */*-.
- , -./
NaCl =58.45 -./.
:
α= n/N,
N , n ,
. α .
NaCl (χ <1*10-6C/)
20 χ:
,/ | |||||||
χ*106, / | 19.6 | 28.4 | 46.6 |
χ = χ/ χNaCl NaCl:
- 20 -
NaCl | KCl | NaOH | Na2CO3 | Na2SO4 | |
χ | 0.939 | 2.8 | 1.12 | 0.83 |
:
, (39)
α ;
, -/; z
; U+, U-- -- .
, k -:
, (40)
i .
:
, (41)
, , .
(20 ) :
, (42)
α
- 21 -
. α ( Θ=20÷40 ):
α=13*10-3 1/
α=19*10-3 1/
α=23*10-3 1/
.4, - : ;
RS, CS , : RS - ( ); CS - , ; , .
(f >103 )
- 22 -
I , .
: , ,